from Salt Lake came to assist the floods in breaking
up the colony.*^
North of Stockton Dr J. C. Isbel settled on the Calaveras, and Turner Elder on the Mokelumne, together with Smith and Edward Robinson." The latter, on Dry Creek tributary, has for a neighbor Thomas Hhoads, three of whose daughters married T. Elder, William Day lor an English sailor, and Jared Sheldon. The last two occupy their grants on the north bank of the Cosumnes, well stocked, and sup- porting a grist-mill. Along the south bank extend the grants of Hartnell and San * Jon ' de los Moque- lumnes, occupied by Martin Murphy, Jr, and Anas- tasio Chaboila. South of them lies the Rancho Arroyo Seco of T, Yorba, on Dry Creek, where William Hicks holds a stock-range.^
The radiating point for all these settlements of the Great Valley, south and north, is Sutter's Fort, founded as its first settlement, in 1839, by the enter- prising Swiss, John A. Sutter. It stands on a small hill, skirted by a creek which runs into the American River near its junction with the Sacramento, and overlooking a vast extent of ditch-enclosed fields and park stock-ranges, broken by groves and belts of tim- ber. At this time and for three months to come there is no sign of town or habitation around what is now Sacramento, except this fortress, and one old adobe, called the hospital, east of the fort. A garden
^^ Stout, the leader, had given dissatisfaction. Buckland, the last to leave, moved to Stockton. The place is also called Stanislaus City. Bigler, Diary ^ MS., 48-9, speaks of a Mormon settlement on the Merced, meaning the above.
^® The former on Dry Creek, near the present Liberty, which he transferred to Robinson, married to his aunt, and removed to the Mokelumne, where twins were born in November 1847; he then proceeded to Daylor's. ThomM Pyle settled near Lockeford, but transferred his place to Smith.
" The ChaboUa, Uartnell, Sheldon-Day lor, and Yorba grants were 8, 6, 5, and 11 leagues in extent, respectively. The claims of E. Rufus and £. Pratt, north of the Cosumnes, failed to be confirmed. Ccd, Star^ Oct. 23, 1847« alludes to the flouring mill on Sheldon's rancho. See StUter's Pers. Bern,, MS., 162, in which Taylor and Chamberlain are said to live on the Cosumnes. In the San Joaquin district were three eleven-league and one eight-league grants claimed by Josil' Castro, John Rowland, B. S. Lippiucott, and A. B. Thompson, all rejected except the last.
