Page:History of merchant shipping and ancient commerce (Volume 3).djvu/673

Emigrants, dietary to, amount and character of, required originally, with the changes therein, pp. 329-330 Emigration, sums sent home for, amounted to from half a million to one million and a half annually, p. 323 ——, resolutions, 1855, of the Senate of the United States in reply to questions on, pp. 333-4 Emigration Commissioners, many and valuable improvements suggested and carried out by, p. 337 Emigration officers appointed at Liverpool in 1864, and their duties, pp. 327-8 Emigration system previously to 1855, evil working of, and frauds practised on the emigrants, pp. 325-6 Engineers (marine) required, by the Act of 1862, to undergo the same examination in steam as Masters in sailing, p. 347 ——, which, though at first doubted, has proved of great value, p. 348 England, alone of the nations, had no code for the regulation of her merchant sailors, p. 298 England, people of, half inclined to join France against Austria, p. 397 'Equador,' The, case of, as showing the fallacious and evil working of the Registry Law, pp. 115-16 ——, importance of the decision of the Court of King's Bench in this case, p. 116 ——, showing, as it does, that a Corporation wholly consisting of foreigners may register a ship as British, p. 117 Europe, trade with, continually modified, but finally settled by the Customs Act of 1825, pp. 101-2 ——, character of it, under the Navigation Laws, pp. 101-3 Examination of Masters, Mates, &c., has produced immense good since the passing of the Act of 1850, p. 302 Exhibition of 1851, started by Society of Arts, and supported by the Prince Consort, p. 435 Farrer, Mr. T. H. (now Chief Secretary to the Board of Trade), England greatly indebted to him for his exertions to ameliorate the state of the merchant seamen, pp. 298-9 Farrer, Mr. T. H., evidence of, on the question of over-insurance, p. 546 —— opposes all legislation interfering with the details of a Shipowner's duty, p. 551 Favoured-Nation Clause, sometimes, no doubt, beneficial, but often pernicious, p. 126 Fleury, M., letter from, and reply, June 17 and 23, 1862, Append. p. 590 Foreign nations are suspicious of even a modified surrender of Protection on the part of England, p. 64 —— do not understand the real position of free England, pp. 64-5 Foreign Office, defects in, when dealing with commercial matters, p. 405 —— apathetic, in not securing, by diplomacy, better terms of reciprocity from foreign Powers, p. 406 ——, correspondence with, respecting the liability of British Shipowners in the courts of the United States of America, p. 571 Foreign Office Circular, of July 1, 1843, requiring information from Consuls abroad with reference to the character of British shipmasters and seamen, pp. 42-3 —— of great value, though unfair and invidious in form, p. 43 Foreign Shipmasters far more careful than the English in the stowage and transport of their cargoes, p. 52 Fortescue, Mr. (now Lord Carlingford), provisions in Bill introduced by, in 1873, strongly in favour of seamen, p. 515 France, peculiar system adopted in, of combining the navy and commercial marine, p. 30 ——, all seamen in, considered to be in Government employ, and, therefore, enrolled and pensioned, ibid.

—— provides for her seafaring classes a better education than that of any other country, p. 31

——, Reciprocity Treaty with, may be taken as a specimen of other such treaties, p. 67.