terrarum ejus praedicatione manavit, universitas Christiana devotione sequatur."—"Almighty, eternal God, who by an ineffable consecration, didst give to thy apostle Peter the dominion of the city of Rome, that thence the gospel truth might diffuse itself throughout all the kingdoms of the world: grant, we pray, that what has flowed into the whole circuit of the earth by his preaching, all Christendom may devoutly follow."—A prayer so melodiously expressed, and in such beautiful Latin, that it is a great pity it should have been a mere trick, to spread and perpetuate a downright, baseless lie, which had no other object than the extension of the gloomy, soul-darkening tyranny of the papal sway. Other forms of prayer, for private occasions, are also mentioned by Baronius, as commemorating the foundation of the church of Rome by Peter; and all these, as well as the former, being fixed for the fifteenth of February, as above quoted. Those records of fables, also, the old Roman martyrologies, are cited for evidence. The later Latin fathers add their testimony, and even the devout Augustin (serm. 15, 16, de sanct, &c.) is quoted in support of it. Baronius gives all these evidences, (Ann. 45, § 1,) and goes on to earn the cardinal's hat, which finally rewarded his zealous efforts, by maintaining the unity and universality of this apostolic foundation, and the absolute supremacy consequently appertaining to the succession of Peter in the Roman see.
Peter's chair.—This fable (page 225) is from Baronius, who wrote about 1580; but alas! modern accidental discoveries make dreadful havoc with papistical antiquities, and have done as much to correct the mistake in this matter, as in Justin's blunder about Simon Magus. I had transcribed Baronius's story into the text as above without knowing of the fact, till a glance at the investigations of the sagacious Bower gave me the information which I here extract from him.
"They had, as they thought, till the year 1662, a pregnant proof, not only of St. Peter's erecting their chair, but of his sitting in it himself; for till that year, the very chair, on which they believed, or would make others believe, he had sat, was shown and exposed to public adoration on the 18th of January, the festival of the said chair. But while it was cleaning, in order to be set up in some conspicuous place of the Vatican, the twelve labors of Hercules unluckily appeared engraved on it. 'Our worship, however,' says Giacomo Bartolini, who was present at this discovery, and relates it, 'was not misplaced, since it was not to the wood we paid it, but to the prince of the apostles, St. Peter.' An author of no mean character, unwilling to give up the holy chair, even after this discovery, as having a place and a peculiar solemnity among the other saints, has attempted to explain the labors of Hercules in a mystical sense, as emblems representing the future exploits of the popes. (Luchesini catedra restituita a S. Pietro.) But the ridiculous and distorted conceits of that writer are not worthy our notice, though by Clement X. they were judged not unworthy of a reward." (Bower's Lives of the Popes, Vol. I. p. 7, 4to. ed. 1749.)
The next noticeable thing that Peter is made to do at Rome, is
the sending out of his disciples from Rome to act as missionaries
and bishops in the various wide divisions of the Roman empire,
westward from the capital, which were yet wholly unoccupied by
the preachers of the gospel of Jesus Christ. In his supposed character
of keeper of the great flock of Christ, having now fully established
the Roman see, he turned his eyes to those distant regions,
and considering their religious wants and utter spiritual destitution,
sent into them several disciples whom he is supposed to have
qualified for such labors by his own minute personal instructions.
Thus, as rays from the sun, and as streams from the fountain, did
the Christian faith go forth through these from the see of Peter,
and spread far and wide throughout the world. So say the imaginative
papist historians, whose fancy not resting satisfied with
merely naming the regions to which these new missionaries were
