These jets were supplied from a large cistern, in the attic of the neighboring cotton-mill, kept full, during the working hours of the mill, by force-pumps. The quantity of water discharged by the four jets was, by a mean of two trials, 0.0288 cubic feet per second.
In many of the experiments with heavy weights, and consequently slow velocities, oil was used to lubricate the brake, the water, during the experiment, being shut off. It is found that, with a small quantity of oil, the friction between the brake and the pulley, is much greater than when the usual quantity of water is applied; consequently, the requisite tension of the brake screws is much less with the oil, as a lubricator, than with water. This may not be the whole cause of the phenomenon, but, whatever it may be, the ease of regulating in slow velocities is incomparably greater with oil as a lubricator, than with water applied in a quantity sufficient to keep the pulley cool. The oil was allowed to flow on in two fine continuous streams; — it did not, however, prevent the pulley from becoming heated sufficiently to decompose the oil, after running some time, which was distinctly indicated by the smoke and peculiar odor. When these indications became very apparent, the experiment was stopped, and water let on by the jets, until the pulley was cooled. As the pulley became heated, the brake screws required to be gradually slackened.
In the experiments, in table II., the lubricating fluid was as follows.
In the first twenty-six experiments, water alone was used.
In the four experiments numbered from 27 to 30, three gallons of linseed oil were used.
In all the experiments requiring a lubricator, and numbered from 31 to 48, inclusive, linseed oil was used.
In experiments 49 and 50, resin oil was used.
In experiments numbered from 51 to 60, inclusive, water alone was used.
In experiment 61, resin oil was used.
In experiment 62, resin oil and a small stream of water were used; — in the latter part of the experiment, a good deal of steam was generated by the heat of the friction pulley.
In experiment 63, resin oil alone was used.
In experiments numbered from 66 to 72, inclusive, water alone was used.
In experiments numbered from 73 to 79, inclusive, resin oil and a small stream of water were used.
In experiments numbered from 81 to 84, inclusive, water alone was used.
In experiments 85 and 86, resin oil and a small stream of water were used.
In experiment 87, resin oil alone was used.
In experiments 90 and 91, water alone was used.
