ii8.vm.AuQ.iM0B.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
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and children were all assegaied. Bird says it also tells the despair of the natives at being forced to retreat along the river. Unlike Glencoe which it somehow reminds one of Weenen has no doubt long ago shaken off these mournful associations, except for its name. Want of space forbids our doing more than congratulate Mr. Pettman on having made an enviable contribution to the growing lore of South Africa.
The War of Quito, by Pedro de Cieza de Leon, and Inca Documents. Translated and edited by Clements R. Markham. (Hakluyt Society.)
In the year 1543 there sailed from San Lucar for Peru the Viceroy Blasco Nuñez. He bore from the Spanish Government ordinances which required the surrender and the return to their homes of all Indians in the possession of Spaniards in Peru. The execution of these ordinances must necessarily involve the dislocation of life throughout the Spanish settlement : it required immense tact, sense for the right occasion, and prudence. Blasco Nunez was precipitate, obsti- nate, hot-tempered, and a man who " what he thought at night said in the daytime." His almost incredible follies culminated in the murder of a prominent citizen of Lima, and the power was wrested out of his hands byGonzalo Pizarro, at the head of the outraged " conquerors," and with the aid, above all, of Francisco de Carbajal. The Viceroy himself perished.
On both sides every other man was a traitor, but abstract right undoubtedly was with the Viceroy ; and, indeed, this attempt at resti- tution and justice towards the Indians on the part of Charles V. is in itself an interesting detail of history. Cieza de Leon, in the manu- script here translated, carries the story to just before the murder of Ulan Suarez de Carbajal : the rest of his history of the war of Quito has not yet been discovered. He gives us the honest, impartial record of one who was an eyewitness of much that he relates, and had besides the gifts of shrewdness, a pleasant method of straightforward narration, and an evident taste for detail. The translation reads excellently, reproducing with success a certain freshness and simplicity in the original. We do not, however, see why " who " should so often be preferred when " whom " would be the usual form.
Following Cieza de Leon's account, and the interesting indictment of the Judges against the Viceroy, we have an outline of the rest of the war by Sir Clements Markham ; and then a letter from Carbajal to Pizarro, referring to the possibility of Pizarro seizing the sovereignty of Peru ; the translation of a letter, unknown to Prescott, from one of the secretaries of Gasca, describing a storm which overtook Gasca on his voyage out to subdue Peru ; a valuable fragment in which the murder of the Inca Manco is de- scribed by his son, who was present ; and, lastly, a highly interesting narrative of a journey made by Diego Rodriguez de Figueroa to this same son of the Inca Manco, then ruling in his father's place and in insurrection against the Spaniards. Figueroa was received there at several audiences, which are described in detail, and treated, not without danger, but in the end with satisfaction, of peace, and of the evangelization of the Indians. This is one of the best publications in the Second Series issued by the Hakluyt Society.
Within our Limits. By Alice Gardner. (Fisher
Un win.)
THIS book is composed of addresses given to audi- ences of women students at Newnham and else- where with the exception of a paper on ' The Greek Spirit and the Medieval Church.' Their predominant characteristic is sobriety ; their worth will be estimated very differently according as the reader's views of life give a larger or a narrower scope to pure reason. From the point of view of
- N. & Q.' the paper named above, and a short
account of Theodoret, a fifth-century precursor of Matthew Arnold, are the two most interesting things in the volume, which may also be taken to have value as illustrating at least in part the tone and temper of thought in a leading woman's college at the beginning of the twentieth century.
The Imprint for 17 July is the first number of Vol. II., and contains the Index to Vol. I. Mr, J. H. Mason in his Notes, which open this number, in quoting from our remarks on the St. Chris- topher print in our review of The Imprint for 17 May, states that "the article on wood- engraving was intended as a first sketch, and controversial or disputed matter had to be ex- cluded. The date of the St. Christopher print was insisted on as a useful landmark. It was= nob given as the earliest dated print. The fact that the authority of the Brussels print has been- called in question would, if it had been men- tioned, have involved a longer account and dis- cussion than our space or plan admitted." Mr. Bakshy's article on Art and Printing in Russia ' is of great interest. Printing is in Russia " techni- cally in its teens, and living and developing under conditions which are in striking contrast to those prevailing in other European countries." Mr, Bakshy states that the reasons for this are the ignorance of the greater part of the population, so that the demand for the printed word is small, and the oppressive and reactionary policy of the Government, which is "not only responsible for the present ignorance of the masses, but takes all measures to prevent the printed book from reaching them. There was only one period in the whole of Russian history the period of the short-lived revolution of 1905- when the Russian press, suddenly freed from the Government's oppression, quickly achieved an expansion never seen before. But with- the victory of the Government forces the press, was subjected to still greater repression. A day does not now pass without one or two papers,. Moderate and even Conservative, being heavily fined for articles against the Government, while the Socialist press is continually prosecuted. Quite lately a case was reported of one paper having five editors in prison at the same time in default of paying the imposed fines." Mr. Everard Meynell continues 'The Plain Dealer/ and gives an amusing account of starting a shop. Mr. Harry A. Maddox contributes ' The Offset Method of Printing,' and illustrates his article by two beautiful reproductions from photographs by Mr. Sherril Schell. Mr. Mason continues his articles on ' Dibdin's Printers' Devices,' and Mr. Daniel T. Powell gives a short history of the inking of the forme. The illustrations include a portrait of Mr. W. Howard Hazell, with an appreciation by Mr. R. A. Austen-Leigh, and two Rembrandtgravures.
