358
NOTES AND QUERIES. [12 s. ii. OCT. a, wia
NATIONAL FLA (is : THKIR ORIGINS (12 S.
'ii. 289). The following is a list of books
which will probivbly give a satisfactory
account of the historical genesis of the
national flags, or " colours," of the modern
European States :
Bland (William). National Banners : their history and construction ; with an illustration in colours. 1892. 8vo.
Griffin (James). Flags, National and Mercantile Second edition enlarged, &c Ports- mouth, Griffin and Co., 1891. 8vo.
Holdeu (Edward Singleton). Our Country's Flag and the Flags of^ Fo-eign Countries. With coloured plates. New York, D. Appleton & Co. 1898. 8vo.
Hulme (Frederick Edward). The Flags of the World : I heir history, blazonry, and associations, from the banner of the Crusader to the burgee of the yachtsman ; flags national, colonial, personal ; the ensigns of mighty empires ; the symbols of lost causes. With coloured plates. London, F. Warne & Co. 1897. Svo.
MacGeorge (Andrew). Flags : some account of their history and uses. London, Blackie and Son. 1881. 4to.
ARCHIBALD SPARKE.
The present Greek flag dates from about 1832, in which year Otto of Bavaria was made king. He adopted for the flag of his new country the tinctures of the arms of his native country (argent and azure) ; the stripes are in" imitation of the American flag, and the cross takes the place of the stars.
The Rumanian flag is an imitation of the tricolour of France and Belgium, but the tinctures are those of the Principality of Transylvania, i.e., red, gold, and blue. The question of the common flag gave rise to long and angry pourparlers among the Great Powers when the union of the Danubian Principalities (Wallachia and Moldavia) was discussed at the Paris Conference in 1858.
The flag of America is, of course, based on the arms of the Washington familv.
~L. L. K.
' The Flags of the World,' by F. Edward Hulme, F.L.S., F.S.A. (F. Warne & Co.), states :
The Greeks adopted the blue and white, the colours of Bavaria, as a delicate compliment to the Prince who accepted their invitation to ascend the throne of Greece."
The book contains much useful and interesting information about flags of all nations. J. DE BERNIERE SMITH.
4 Gloucester Gate, Regent's Park, N.W.
FAUST BIBLIOGRAPHY (12 S. ii. 269, 337). For the study of the Faust legend, refer- ence to the following works might be useful : Ernest Faligan's admirable work, ' Histoire
de la Leg end e de Faust,' 1888 ; Ristelhuber,
' Faust diuis I'Histoiiv <>t dans, la Logende,'
1863 ; p,nd H. S. Edwards, ' The Faust
Legend, &c.,' 1886. Articles on the subject
might also be found in the ' Encyclopaedia
Britannica,' vol. x. ; ' The New International
Encyclopaedia,' vol. vii. ; Chambers' s ' En-
c\clopoc-dia,' vol. iv. ; and the various his-
tories of English literature and drama.
E. E. BARKER.
SIR EDWARD LUTWYCHE, JUSTICE OF THE COMMON PLEAS (12 S. ii. 90). Sir Edward Lutwyche, Judge of the Common Pleas, was the only son of William Lutwyche of Lutwyche, cp. Salop (1601-35), by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Lyster of Rowton, in the parish of Alberbury. He was baptized on Aug. 21, 1634, at Alberbury, so I presume he was born at Rowton. His two sisters, Mary and Elizabeth, were also bap- tized at Alberbury. The Judge's wife was Anne, daughter of Sir Timothy Tourner of the Hall of Bold, co. Salop ; and they were married on Nov. 21, 1653, at Aston BotterilL I have a good deal of material about the Lutwyche family, and can no doubt give- more information if required.
W. G. D. FLETCHER, F.S.A, Oxon Vicarage, Shrewsbury.
FARMERS' SAYINGS (12 S. ii. 289). The saying " That pigs can see the wind " is not confined to farmers, but is common through- out the Midlands. Pigs do not like wind,, either in face or behind them, and they are known to run from it squealing. It is said that they do not fear it as a terror, but that any wind feels hot to them, and to their sight appears as a sheet of flaming fire. I have known this bit of folk-lore all my life, and have seen pigs turn tail and scamper from gusts of wind with a noise which certainly did not seem to indicate pleasure. I have often heard it said that wind looks like fire to a pig, and that only a pig can see the wind. THOS. RATCLIFFE.
THE KING OF ITALY'S DESCENT FROM CHARLES I. (12 S. ii. 267). The present King of Italy is certainly descended from our King Charles I. The descent is through his mother, Queen Margherita. Her mother, the Duchess of Genoa, was a Saxon princess, whose grandmother was Caroline, DucL* Maximilian of Saxony, born a Princess of Parma in 1770. She, in turn, was the granddaughter of Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, the only married daughter of King Louis XV. of France. The last -mentioned king was the only son of Adelaide of Savoy,
