284 NOTES AND QUERIES. [i2S.ix.ocx.s, 1021. In the same direction, the pronunciation refectory seems to be a Catholic conven- tualism. Is it Goldsmith's countrymen mostly who read with him, in ' Retaliation ' (c. 1774) : That Ridge is anchovy, and Reynolds is lamb ? But it is still eaten so in England. And the ' N.E.D.' will have anchovy, only j
- ' occasional." Though it sounds general
now, in England. That feeling for older accentuation in Ireland, already illustrated, reminds one that j a language away from its own home and centre keeps old fashions. We all know that " Americanisms," other than slang, are commonly older English. And as " an | Englishman " in his 1917 book * on Dublin ! has to note, once more : " In the (Irish) j pronunciation there is a tendency to lay stress on a different syllable from the English way -e.g., concentrate, aristocrat" -both these heard in Scotland ; and the latter, in some places not unaristocratic, in England " and generally in Irish place-names, the accent falls on the last syllable e.g., Dun- drum, Armagh,^ Belfast " Belfast, where it is built in the State of Maine ; and there, in speech, they try to pull back even old Belfast. They dare to speak of that higher born queen of the St. Lawrence as Queebec the most interesting thing I saw in America, was Matthew Arnold's respectful j bow to her. And the city whose name they tried to change in Ontario, is Berlin. (But out of Coventry Patmore's ' England,' c. 1850: At Berlin three, one at St. Cloud.) Aw-aw-gusty, New Englanders twang out, when your train reaches Maine Augusta. St. Augustine is in Florida. Wherever you are is your address. And yet in America, too, older accent sometimes persists as noted here in bouquet and cuckoo and esquire. Which last was Wordsworth's : And in his place, 'mong son and sire, Is John de Clapham, that fierce Esquire. (' White Doe of Rylstone,' i. 250.) Knight, burger, yeoman and esquire. (Ib. iii. 113.) As, before the days of the Pilgrim Fathers, in Greene's ' Friar Bacon ' : Such beauty fits not such a base esquire. Like America, Ireland, with Scotland, commonly stresses quinine.
- ' Dublin, Explorations and Reflections.' By
An Englishman. (Dublin : Maunsel. 1917.) , t There are some perverse Irishmen who say Armagh angliores Anglis. There is one more noteworthy excep- tion for Ireland, which, commonly, south and north, accents fanatic ; and, therein, is newer mannered than New England or than Old. The ' N.E.D.' admits only the stronger fanatic ; as in the poets down to our day in Wordsworth's rebuke to * Reformations * when solemn rites and awful forms Founder amid fanatic storms. The cropped fanatic and fifth monarchy man. Charles Lamb was against, in ' John Woodvil ' (ii.). How base false pride ; faction's fanatic rage, added Tennyson. But A. de Vere ' St. Thomas of Canter- bury,' (1876), I. iv., and IV. v. : There's Gilbert ! Fanatic of old, and late. Becket was fanatic never, though a Churchman. (Are these echoes from the Irish poet's Co. Limerick, and Trinity College, Dublin ?) So, Wilfred Scawen Blunt's ' Canon of Aughrim ' (1888) concerning Ireland, in her fallen Irish : All things are stronger than he. He fears men's fanatic frown. Nevertheless, cultivated England, too, (September, 1918), in one writer, has : I have heard fanatic often, but more commonly fanatic.* From the later seventeenth century on, fanatic always so accented was often borrowed into Irish poems, and commonly written in Roman characters as a foreign English word, presumably taken from the mouths of the royalists describing the rebels against the king. E.g., about 1650, in the poems of Diarmada MacCarrtaig : if bfiAiTn An -oiAbAtt iTTotAix> tiA (na Presbyterians fea<; gur treascrad is braim an diabail indiaid na bfanaticks.) In the fifteenth and seventeenth century passages cited in the ' N.E.D.,' one may judge, even in prose, that the word was fanatic.^ Certainly, for the alliterative accenting of, " Such fanatike and fond observations," in Polydore Vergil's ' Eng. Hist.' i. 71 (c. 1534). Again, "all our
- A cultivated exile from England of the last
generation, and a purist, wrote, 1902: "It ii certainly fanatic, not fanatic." t Yet there is in Dryden's ' Medal",' 59 : " The frauds he learnt in his fanatic years."
