450 NOTES AND QUERIES. 1 12 s. 1x HUGH VAUGHAN, of Bicknor, Monmouth- shire, was attainted by 31 Hen. VIII., ! c. 15. What was his treason, and when i and where was he executed ? His name I does not occur in the pedigree referred to j at ante, p. 394. HABMATOPEGOS. THE REV. J. DE KEWER WILLIAMS, col- lector of Cromwelliana. An interesting article on this gentleman's collection ap- E eared in The Warwick Times, Feb. 24, 1917, rom the pen of the late Mr. J. T. Page. Any further information would beacceptable. J. ARDAGH. KJMMERIDGE COAL MONEY. What IS this exactly ? It appears to be of a bitu- minous nature like some peat fuels, about l|in. in circumference with a square hole in the centre. J. ARDAGH. [This is an old antiquarian puzzle. A short correspondence about it will be found at 2 S iv. 473; v. 36. There is no question of supposing the discs to be " money." They are probably, as a writ "r in The Journal of the British Archceological Association (vol. i.) asserts, chucks or refuse- pieces thrown off from the lathe when turning rings.] ANONYMOUS NOVELS. Can any reader satisfy curiosity by disclosing who were the authors of the following novels : ' Nana ; or Memoirs of a Welsh Heiress ' (1785), and
- Ellen, Countess of Castle Howell ' (1794).
ANEURIN WILLIAMS. JMenai View, North Road, Carnarvon. RICHARD ROWLANDS. Author, painter, Srinter and book illustrator, educated at xford, settled at Antwerp, adopted his grandfather's name Verstegen. He suffered imprisonment for ventilating views impugn- ing Queen Elizabeth's treatment of Catholics. Information as to forbears and tenets will be esteemed, also birth and death years if he died abroad. ANEUBIN WILLIAMS. Menai View, North Roajd, Carnarvon. [Richard Rowlands was the grandson of Theodore Roland Verstegen, of an ancient Dutch family driven from Guelder land in 1500. The date of his death is not given in the ' D.N.B.' He was living at Antwerp in 1620.1 A HUSHING POOL. Could any reader give me any information as to what is meant by this ? There is or was one at Pagham Harbour in Sussex, but I could obtain no information on the subject when recently in the neighbourhood. M. W. P. ' THE HISTORIAN,' 1857. I recently pur- chased an octavo volume entitled ' The Historian, No. 1,' London, 1857. It consists of a Parliamentary Paper (correspondence between the Master of the Rolls and the Treasury respecting the publication of materials for the history of Great Britain previously to the reign of Henry VIII.), an ' Introduction, in which it is attempted to show from the disasters of the Romans in Britain, that conquests are adverse, and that a system of humane policy is indispensable to the lasting progress of civilization' (cxiv. pp.), and extracts in the original Greek and Latin from classical authors relating to Britain. The object of the work is to show the value of the humanitarian principle in politics and to advocate non -aggressiveness in regard to the conquest "of territory. There is no name of author, and the name of the publisher has, for some reason, in my copy been obliterated. I shall be glad to learn the names of both author and publisher. Perhaps the former was the Rev. Joseph SteVenson, a letter from whom originated the Parliamentary correspondence incorporated. But in the Life of Stevenson in the ' D.N.B.' there is no men- tion of this work. There appear to have been two other volumes (Nos. 2 and 3) published or contemplated. There are references to Notes A, B, C, &c., and to " plates," but there is no indication where notes and plates are to be found, and they are not in the volume. FREDK. A. EDWARDS. THE YEAR 1000 A.D. (12 S. viii. 369, 438, 455 ; ix. 74, 116.) I HOPE that I may be permitted, though after a long interval, to reply to MR. BASKER- VILLE'S communication at the last reference. Absence abroad and the pressure of much occupation since I returned have prevented me from doing so before. It appears that M. de Pas stated that the fact that there was a panic in the year 1000, owing to the widespread belief that the end of the world was at hand, was an old wives' story that originated in the fertile fancy of some historian or other, and has been copied by his successors. I said that there was no truth in the state- ment of M. de Pas. Thereupon Mr. Basker- ville sent a long and learned communication
