12 s. ix. DEC. 24, 1921.] NOTES AND QUERIES. 509 form given in the Authorized Version of | St. Matthew's Gospel, which must give rise to some perplexity in the conscience of those worshippers who are not in the habit of for- giving their debtors in the literal sense. In the liturgy of the Church of England, the word " trespasses " has been substituted for " debts," and " them that trespass against us " for " our debtors." That makes it easier ; but the fact remains that the plain meaning of 60etXT7/iara is " debts " and of o^ftXfTrjs " a debtor." How, when and under what authority was the change made in the English liturgy ? HERBERT MAXWELL. Monreith. THE CANDLEMAS REVELS AT THE INNS OF COURT. Will any legal reader tell me where I can find out at which Inn of Court the Lord Chancellor was present at the Candlemas Revels in a given year (1677-78) ; also, what was the " ancient song " sung by " Toby Aston " at the last revel held in 1733-34 ? (See Bellot's ' Inner and Middle Temple. 1 ) RESTORATION. ST. PETER THE PROUD, LONDON. The parish register of Much Hormead records two marriages of daughters of Thomas and Joan Brand of Much Hormead, Herts. On Julyl3, 1600, Thomas Delawood married Joan Brand, and on the next day Hugh Everitt married Maria Brand. The ceremonies took place at the church of St. Peter ye Proude, London, and were performed by Thomas Taylor, vicar there (ibid. ). I should like information concerning this church. Is it the same as St. Peter le Poer in Old Broad Street ? And was Thomas Taylor, who we know was vicar of Much Hormead, vicar of that parish also ? The Brand family, the ancestors of Vis- count Hampden, resided at that time at Parsonage Farm, Much Hormead, which, like many other susbtantial country homes, has now disappeared by the hand of man. HERBERT C. ANDREWS. Victoria and Albert Museum. " SAPIENS DOMINABITUR ASTRIS." I should be glad to know the earliest occur- rence of this saying. Such collections of quotations as I have been able to consult either omit it or simply say " Proverb." It was very popular in Spain in the seven- teenth century, and is quoted verbatim by Yanez y Rivera, " Y ai dijo el poeta, s.d.a." ('El Donado Hablador,' segunda parte, c. 9, published in 1626), and in Spanish by Solorzano ('La Garduna de Sevilla,' c. 12, published in 1634), Lope de Vega (' Lo Que Ha de Ser, iii. 4), and Calderon (' La Vida es Suefio,' twice, ' La Cisma de Inglaterra,' ii., ' El Jardin de Falerina,' i.). It is also to be found in ' Gil Bias,' iv., c. 4, and no doubt in many other places. The earliest instance I can date occurs in the ' Epigrammata 3 of Audcenus, published in 1606 : Fata regunt fatuos, sapiens dominabitur astris : Non fatum, at fato se regit ipse suo. (iii. 186.) It is hard, though, to see why this should have become such a common saying in Spain. I remember seeing the phrase in a Latin hexameter poem, written, I think, by an Italian, but as I neglected to follow Captain Cuttle's advice, I do not recollect the name of the work or the author. Can anyone trace the saying further back ? HERBERT W. GREENE. THE LITHUANIAN BISON : A DYING RACE. Mr. Asquith at Newcastle recently referred to " the ancient and even distinguished pedigree of the Diehard." Curiously enough, the Russian equivalent of that term, much in use before the war, was the name of an animal of very ancient and distinguished pedigree indeed the " zubr." This was the bison or European wild ox (Bos bonasus) directly descended from the extinct auroch (Bos taurus primigeniu&), and distinguished, according to the ' Encyclopaedia Britan- nica,' from the common ox, among other respects, by the powerful muscles attached for the support of its massive head, forming a hump on the shoulders. It was further differentiated from its nearer relative by having 14 instead of 13 pairs of ribs. " There is a herd somewhat in the condition of park animals in the Forest of Bielitsa in Lithu- ania, where it is protected by the Tsar, but nevertheless it is gradually dying out. In 1862 the Lithuanian bisons numbered over 1,200, but by 1872 they had diminished to 528, and in 1892 they were only 491." They were also protected by the Tsar in some of the Caucasian Forests (Kuban). Where are now these " zubrs " with their picturesque humps and distinctive ribs ? Is it a fact, as I am informed, that some are to be found in England, not far from New- castle, carefully preserved, that they have been known to break out occasionally, bellowing and roaring loud (a hot condition of the blood supposed by some to have given
