524 NOTES AND QUERIES. - [i2s.ix.D EC .3i,i92i. LINDUM COLONIA AND ITS NEIGHBOURS. LINDUM occurs in the fourth-century ' Itinerarium Antonini ' in the Britannic Routes numbered V., VI. and VIII. The four Roman stations that were nearest to Lindum were within 26 miles of that city, and no other Roman town is known by name in the area of 40 miles by 14 in which these stations lie. Every member of this compact group of five Britanno -Roman towns presents a Germanic name, and even the variants are Germanic. No form is changed in the following analytical table except " Margitudo." This presents the Germanic name " Margi " coupled with the impossible form " tudo," in "which d misrepresents n. Route. Stopping Place. Germanic. Proper Name. Par- ticle. Common Noun. V. VI. V. VI. VI. V. vni. vin. VIII. vni. Ageloco Segeloci Crococalano Lindo Margiduno Margituno Caiisennis Agel Segel Croco Lind Margi Causi oc oc ca Ian dun tun "Agel" (a) is Alemannic. It is the weakened form of Agili which appears in
- ' Agilimund," the name of a king of the
Quadi (c. 360) mentioned by Ammianus Marcellinus. Alemannic a postulates O.E. E, and that appears in the " Aighelestorp," " Aiglestorp," of Domesday Book for Lin- colnshire. " Segel " is found in " Seglebi," and " Segleslei." These forms severally indicate O.E. *Segelanby and *Segelesleage, and they respectively occur in Domesday Book for Staffs and Leicester. The particle " oc " is found in O.E. names like Puttoc, Bernoc, Willoc. In Alemannic oc was eventually shifted to oh (=och) ; cp. Peroh, Rathoh, Ruadoh, in Paul Piper's Index to the ' Libri Confraternitatum Sancti Galli Augiensis Fabariensis ' (1884). " Lind " equates Germanic *linth- ; Ale- mannic *lindi. Cp. Old High Dutch proper names like " Lindolf," " Lindrat " ; also " Lindiacum," and " Lindeorde " in Domes- day Book for Worcestershire ( = Lindan- wurthe). " Lindesig," our Lindsey, presents Alemannic Lindi with the strong possessive. The true O.E. form is lit. " Croco " (o) is the Latinization of an Alemannic *Crouco, Suevic *Crougo. These forms are postulated by the possessives " Croucin " and " Crougin." An earlier
- Crauc is indicated and this, when adopted
by the Angles, became " Creac-," according to rule. Crocus was the name of the Alemannic king who was with the Emperor Constantius Chlorus at York in A.D. 306, when the latter died there. He was the chief agent in securing the accession of Constantino the Great to the imperial throne. " Margi " is the uninfected form of the headword in the Upper German " Merge - rat " a name recorded in P.P. Cp. " Merge -sceat " in the ' Liber Vitae Dunel- mensis ' (misread Mergessent). Margi be- came " Marchi," " Merche," in Alemannic, and also in Mercian English. It is the etymon of the folk-name of the Myrgingas of " Widslth." The sequence of vocalic change is " Margi," *Meargi, *Miergi, "Myrg." " Caus " is the headword in such Ale- mannic names as " Causelm," " Causipert," indexed in P.P. It also occurs unshifted as regards its initial in " Pertigausu," in the same authority. " Perti = Parti, Porti. " Caus " postulates. Germanic *Gaus, O.E.
- Geas, " Ges," and that we get in " Gesseg,"
misread " Gesecg." Causennse in Route V., at 26 m.p. from Lindum, is now Keisby. " Causi " in O.E., when adopted, became successively *Ceasi, *Ciesi, *Ciesa. The last yielded *Ciesanby, the " Chiesebi " of Domesday Book. The Alemannic collective particle that corresponds to Gothic ga, O.E. ge, is " ca." " -Ian " is also Alemannic. Its vowel d postulates an O.E. (% and an Icelandic a ; cp., Agel, O.E. ^Egel, above. Hence " calan " exactly responds to O.E. " gelsen," which means temporary grants or leases of land. " tun " is Germanic *tun, our " town," Upper German zaun. " dun " is Germanic *dun, our " down." It is not Celtic dun here. Cols. 3, 4 and 5 severally present six Germanic proper names, two Germanic particles, and three Germanic common nouns. The neglect of these truths by English scholars is one reason why Mercia has no history before A.D. 600. ALFRED ANSCOMBE. 30, Albany Road, Stroud Green, N.4.
