214
NOTES AND QUERIES. [9"- s. u. SEPT. 10,
of No. 1 of 'Bradshaw's Monthly Kail way
Guide ' in the well-known yellow wrapper."
N. S. S. [See 6 th S. viii. 45, 92, 338; xi. 15.]
CHINESE PUNISHMENTS (9 th S. ii. 27). Unless alterations have been made in the Chamber of Horrors at Madame Tussaud's, your correspondent ME. ANDREWS will find illustrations of Chinese punishments there. From the number, I should imagine it was a complete list, but in the language of Ingoldsby
One glance was enough, Completely quant, suff.
MATILDA POLLARD. Belle Vue, Bengeo.
CEDAR TREES (9 th S. ii. 187). Were not the two long in the garden of the Apothe- caries' Society at Chelsea among the earliest planted in England ? D.
WHO WROTE 'THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS'? (9 th S. ii. 107.) I think it will need a great deal more evidence than we shall ever get to cause us to father 'The Pilgrim's Progress' and other works passing under the name of Bunyan on any one else. ' The Pilgrim's Pro- gress ' is certainly not what MR. GERISH sup- poses, an adaptation of De Guileville's 'Pil- grimage of the Soul.' I know that work well, and there is no likeness between the two. On the other hand, ' The Pilgrim's Progress ' is, I think, certainly an adaptation of the same writer's poem called 'Le Pelerinaige de Vie Humaine,' written in 1340, and translated into English prose in 1430. Bunyan could scarcely nave seen either of these, and would certainly have been unable to read them if he had. But there is an English MS. abridg- ment in St. John's College, Cambridge, of the seventeenth century, and the outlines of this may have been communicated to Bunyan by some friend, and he may have made the work his own, adapting the thoughts of the fourteenth century to the mind of the seven- teenth. The correspondence between the two works is very remarkable. That 'Chris- tiana ' should somewhat differ in style would naturally spring from the fact that there was no French original which it could follow. The Roxburghe Club has printed the four- teenth - century French poems and the fifteenth-century English prose.
ALDENHAM.
Aldenham House.
The question of the originality of ' The Pil-
g rim's Progress ' as written by Bunyan will e found discussed in Southey's ' Life of Bun- yan,' ed. London, 1849, pp. 164-77. Besides
the allegory by Guil. de Guileville in the
fourteenth century (Pickering, 1858, also
modernized 1859), there is mention of others
as suggestive of a pilgrimage such as Bunyan
describes. One such which he had certainly
seen was Bernard's 'Isle of Man ; or, the Legal
Proceedings in Manshire against Sin,' six-
teenth eel. 1683, reprint, Bristol, 1808.
To these I would also supply 'Desiderius ; or, the Original Pilgrim.' of wnich there was an English translation by L. Howel in 1717. A note on p. 175 mentions a remarkable omission by Southey of Bp. Patrick's ' Parable of the Pilgrim.' This was written in 1663 (signature of preface 14 Dec., 1663), and was licensed for printing 11 April, 1665. The edition which I have is 1668, with a statement that it " has dwelt for some time in the service of a pri- vate friend."
One point which commonly escapes notice is that the original form of 'The Pilgrim's Progress' has no note at "Denn" in the margin to imply that it refers, not to a valley, but the jail. ED. MARSHALL.
Has MR. GERISH seen the Editor's remarks in reply to a similar question in ' N". & Q.,' 1 st S. viii. 222 ?
EVERARD HOME COLEMAN. 71, Brecknock Road.
I had in my possession many years ago an old engraving, dated, I think, about 1580, re- presenting a pilgrim on his way to heaven. You see the pilgrim starting as illustrated in Bunyan's work. As he mounts the hill, on each side are various ways for the pilgrim to go, some good and some evil. The different groups of figures tempting him on his way to heaven certainly remind one of Bunyan's celebrated work. Could any of your readers search amongst the early prints in the British Museum? Probably a copy of this old, interesting engraving would be found.
CHARLES GREEN.
18, Shrewsbury Road, Sheffield.
[More than one plate of this kind has been produced.]
CHARTER RELATING TO ST. PETER'S, WOL- VERHAMPTON (9 th S. ii. 46). A careful exami- nation of the notes of time given in this document leads to curious results. All the fourteen archbishops and bishops whose names are attached might have put their hands to it in the summer of 994, except, perhaps, Godwin of Rochester, the date of whose consecration is given as 995. The expression "luna xxii" signifies "the twenty-second day of the moon," and a moon which was twenty-two days old on 16 October would have been new on 24 September.
