9* s. ii. DEC. si,
NOTES AND QUERIES.
521
LONDON, SATVRDAy, DECEMBER SI, 1S9S.
CONTENTS. -No. 53.
NOTES :-Book Terms, 521 Mergate Hall, 522 Shak speariana, 523 Homer and Jewish Rites "World with out end "A Contrast Martyr Bishop of Armagh, 525 Burns Prophecy Recovery of a Drowned Body Monu ment to a Plea Lampposts Gate : Sign of Inn, 526 GHlbert Glossin Malise Grahame's Descendants Early Use of " France modern," 527.
QUERIES : " Fossen eels "Book Wanted" It's all the same in Greek "Island of Icbaboe, 527 Rev. T. Thomas Charles Doris Miss Collier Major John Andr6 : Col Williams Cryptography Besieged City saved by a Pig- Listening Wheat M. P. P.' Histoire de Sable 'Statue of the Duke of Cumberland Dawson, 528 Lost Register A Saying of Pitt " Conventionalized Tartar cloud" History of the Church of Purton Shepherd Walpole Sir E. Burne-Jones French Song Bull-running, 529.
REPLIES :-"Plack": "Boddle," 529-Monastic Records Rounds or Rungs, 530" Slack up "Lord Curzon Curio- sities of Cataloguing Philip Thicknesse Horace Walpole, 531 Fountain Inkhorns " Tryst," 532 Eating of Seals- Passage in Kinglake Hailey bury The Calling of the Sea, 533 Alured Cornburgh Within the Four Seas London and Essex Clergy, 534 Holy Wells Pattens Legend "Sable shroud" Attributes of Prudence Brass at St. Albans Tolstoi Spango Brothers with the same Chris- tian Name Titles, 535 'The Whole Duty of Man' " Fegges after peace" Epitaphs, 536 Black Blotting Paper Materialism ' Te Deum 'Black Madonnas, 537 Nameless Graves Chaussey Sun-god and Moon-goddess Type Errors Barclay's ' Argenis 'Sir C. Wren, 538.
NOTES ON BOOKS : Biagi's ' Shelley ' Fowke's ' Bayeux Tapestry' Hynam's ' Bee eta of the Night' Lang's Scott's ' Fortunes of Nigel ' Lyttelton Gell's ' More Ex- cellent Way ' Jensen's ' Runic Rocks ' Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield ' Sladeu's ' Who 's Who.'
BOOK TERMS.
(See 8 th S. ix. 341 ; x. 400; 9 th S. ii. 322.)
Pseudonym. This word intimates that the work published is not under the writer's real name. At the British Museum a work is considered pseudonymous in no matter what part of the book the pseudonym is found. Whereas anonym admits of no varieties, pseudonym, on the contrary, allows so many that I give about thirty-three different forms in the 'List of Technical Bibliographical Terms after Pierquin de Gembloux' in my Querard. This list has been duly copied without much knowledge in Power's ' Handy Book about Books.' For example, "enig- matic" has only one m, and in "pseudo- titlonym " an I is necessary.
I used most of these terms in the ' Hand- book of Fictitious Names,' a work devoted to pseudonyms, as its title declares. In it a pseudonym is taken to be "any word or name or phrase," and a book is not considered pseudonymous unless it is " hopelessly de- ficient of all personal identification of authorship."
Notwithstanding the thirty-three varieties, it is not always easy to assign a distinctive name to a pseudonym, so various are they.
This will be seen from several examples I
give from a very learned treatise by Mr
Edward Armitage, just published in the
volume of the Transactions of the Quatuor
boronati Lodge. He takes thirty-two
quarto pages to discuss the question whether
Kobert bamber (referred to 'N. & Q. r '2 nd S x
502) wrote under a pseudonym, and 'he
observes that " a pseudonym admits of every
gradation from complete disguise to the
most transparent veil," and he cites "in-
stances of some comparatively slight dis-
guises," such as James Hasolle, 1650 (a perfect
anagram of Elias Ashmole), Thomas Little,
1801 (Thomas Moore), ' A Peep at the Wilt-
shire Assizes by one who is but an Attorney '
(1820), price 13s. 4d. (an enigmatic pseudonym
of George Butt, an attorney of Salisbury :
see ' N. & Q.,' 2^ S. ii. 277).
I regret that I have not the advantage of being able to see the ' H.E.D.'s' definition of pseudonym. Without doubt it will not con- sider the word equal with anonymous, as does the Rev. Percy Smith's most useful 'Glossary of Terms and Phrases,' 1889. In this diction- ary it is thus described : " Those who write under a fanciful name, as the 'Letters of Junius,' are properly anonymous writers," which would do if pseudonymous had been written instead of anonymous.
Much as I now dislike the results, from a strict bibliographical point of view, of the celebrated British Museum Library Catalogue rules, they deserve, I believe, the credit of aeing the first to discriminate between autonymmis, anonymous, and pseudonymous. The rules, however, did not go far enough as regards the last. They do not treat a Dseudonym always as a pseudonym, but if it s a phrase they then catalogue the book as anonymous. Much, however, to the credit of
- he Panizzian system, of which one has only
jeen able to judge by the printing of the Catalogue, the pseudonym, even if it is dis- regarded, is never omitted.
Oddly enough, at the very time I am writ-
ng, I have been reminded of the use these
pseudonyms were to me in my note on
Pandurang Hari ' in 1873 (4 th S. xi. 439),
svhen I traced W. B. Hockley's other works
hrough the pseudonyms. I am reminded of
his because an Indian correspondent has sent
me a long account of Hockley, the facts of
whose life, he says, are very meagre ; and so he
las copied them for me from an Indian news-
oaper of February last. I at once recognized
he account as being taken without. acknow-
edgment from MR. CHARLES MASON'S note
4 th S. xi. 527).
Some bibliographical terms are given in
