NOTES AND QUERIES. [9< s. n. JULY 23,
an earlier one called San Sepolcro, and it is
dedicated to San Lanfranco de' Beccaria di
Grupello, a member of one of the foremost
mediaeval families of Pavia, and bishop of
that city 1178-94. Within it may be seen
an elaborate memorial erected in his honour
by the Marchese P. di Scipione, containing
bas-reliefs illustrative of the life and miracles
of the deceased saint.
The bishop, it would seem, was brought into acute conflict with the municipal authorities, or consoli, then in the pride of powers recently conferred upon them by Frederick Barbarossa, by the latter demanding that the clergy should contribute to the reparation of their town defences, which had been ruined by the Milanese in 1175. The bishop refused to accede to their demand. Thereupon the said consoli ordered the tradesfolk to boycott their spiritual pastor, even denying him the necessaries of life. Lanfranco then left the city. The Pontiff, however, commanded him to return. How long he remained there is not known. In any case he retired to the Vallombrosan monastery of San Sepolcro, there died, and was interred. He is com- memorated on 23 June. It may be mentioned that his successor caused himself to be buried close to him. ST. CLAIR BADDELEY.
CHARLES III. OP SPAIN (9 th S. i. 346). The late Rev. F. H. Arnold in his excellent little ' History and Antiquities of Petworth ' writes :
"Charles. King of Spain, was afterwards the Emperor Charles VI. He came to Petworth, December 28, and again on his return from Ports- mouth, December 31, 1703."
EDWARD H. MARSHALL. Hastings.
BEARDS (9 th S. i. 508). MR. ANDREWS -will find an interesting description of the shaving of prisoners of war previous to disposing of them as slaves in the strange ' Memoirs of Alexander Gardner,' recently published by Messrs. Blackwood. Gardners experience was gathered among sundry nationalities in Central Asia, but instances of shaving as a token of (honourable) servitude may surely be found nearer home e.g., the priest's ton- sure (servus Dei), and the prescribed allow- ance of whisker for soldiers and domestic servants. HERBERT MAXWELL.
CHRISTIAN NAMES (9 th S. i. 461). Was Joseph the priest, who witnessed a charter in the time of King John, the same as Joseph of Exeter, a priest who went with Eichard I. to the Holy Land and described the Crusade iu which the king took part in his poem
written at Antioch, and called ' Antiochesis "?
He was a person, says Hals, excellently
skilled in the Greek and Latin tongues, and
writes of Dundagel (Tintagel Castle in Corn-
wall) thus :
From this blest place immortal Arthur sprung,
Whose wondrous deeds shall be for ever sung,
Sweet music to the ear, sweet honey to the tongue.
Look back, turn o'er the great records of fame :
Proud Alexander boasts a mighty name;
The Roman annals Caesar's actions load,
And conquered monsters rais'd Alcides to a god.
But neither shrubs above tall pines appear,
Nor Phœbus ever fears a rival star;
So would our Arthur in contest o'ercome
The mightiest heroes bred in Greece or Rome.
The only prince that hears this just applause,
Greatest that e'er shall be, and best that ever was.
It is said that after his return from the Holy Land, Joseph of Exeter was made Bishop of Bordeaux. The original was, of course, in Latin, put into English by Hals or some other. CHARLOTTE G. BOGER.
Chart Sutton.
May I venture to guess that " Homo per- sone " means " the parson's man " 1 The word hommage illustrates the feudal use of man = vassal. In this connexion I should like to ask whether the surname Cadman is a variant of Csedmon, the Saxon personal name. Addyman (a name found at York) is, I think, supposed to mean Adam's man.
With novus homo new-comer, or stranger, cf. surname Newcome, Newcomen, and Le Newecumene, found in the Hundred Rolls.
T. WILSON. Harpenden.
" CHORIASMUS " (9 th S. i. 225, 305, 390). Chiasmus is not, as MR. F. ADAMS supposes, of recent date. In the Index of Technical Terms appended to the Latin edition of Bengel's 'Gnomon,' 1850, there is a long note on this figure of speech.
As there treated, the term is of wider application. The chiasmus proper, here in question, is in form an inverse antithesis of four members; there are, however, instances of the figure extending to six, eight, or even more members. Thus in Isaiah vi. 10 we find " heart, ears, eyes : see, hear, understand." And in the introduction to the first canto of ' Marmion,' from which MR. BAYNE has appositely quoted " warlike, wise : mind, hand," we find a remarkably fine chiasmus of eight members : " watchman, trump, bea- con-light, column : column, beacon-light, trumpet, warder."
The hymns of Charles Wesley furnish several instances of the use of this elegant figure. C. LAWRENCE FORD, B.A.
Bath.
