194 NOTES AND QUERIES. [9«> s. VL S*PT. s, woo. "Injunctum omnibus tenentibus vlllae nequis eorum fodeat infra soluni villse nee aliquid capiat infra viam Regiam sub poena 40rf. solvend. per ilium qui in deffectu reperitur. Et eciam quod illi qui fodenmt infra pnedictum solum et Keg' foratam [' Forth versus Aclemore quod ducit a Windlestone usque Derlyngtone'] et terrain inde ceperunt et asportaverunt per quod eadem via perforatur et deterioratur, pnedictam viam reparari et obscurari faciant sub eadem pcena citra prox. curiam." I have seen the word " forth " used in the sense of a road leading from a village to its common pastures in a Derbyshire Court Roll of the sixteenth century, but I cannot lay my hands on my notes. Harrison's 'Survey of Hallamshire,' made early in the seventeenth century, mentions a place in Bradfield called Swinley Forth Bents, and in the will, dated 1636, of Charles Smith of Bradfield the same place is called Swinge- leyfordebents. Harrison also mentions a place called Cowforth Holme, near Bradfield. buch names as Horsforth (near Leeds), Gos- ford, Qosforth, Gainsford, Swinford, Cow- forth, <fec., do not refer to shallow places in rivers where animals can cross. They refer to the " roads " or places by or on which such animals were taken out by their " herds " to pasture. That such roads or places have occasionally given their names to towns may be seen in Gosforth, a suburb of Newcastle, and in Horsforth, a village near Leeds. At Oxford one can well imagine an old town near the castle, and a new town crowing up by the sides of the roads, such as High Street and St. Giles, which led to vast meadows, like Port Meadow, where the bur- gesses have had rights of pasture from time immemorial. The words bourn vadum," as applied to Oxford in a record, are only an old popular etymology. S. O. ADDY. "TYRE "(9th S. v. 516 ; vi. 76).—This would seem to mean an ornamental headdress worn on festive occasions. We read in 2 Kings ix. 30: "And when Jehu was come to Jez- reel, Jezebel heard of it: and she painted her face, and tired her head, and looked out at a window." Dean Stanley, in the ' Dictionary of the Bible,' s.v. 'Jezebel,' commenting upon this circumstance, observes :— " But in that supreme hour of her house, the spirit of the aged queen rose within her, equal to the dreadful emergency. She was in the palace, which stood by the gate of the city, overlooking the approach from the east. Beneath lay the open space under the city walls. She determined to face the destroyer of her family whom she saw- rapidly advancing in his chariot. She painted her eyelids in the Eastern fashion with antimony, so as to give a darker border to the eyes, and make them ook larger and brighter (Keil), possibly in order to induce Jehu after the manner of Eastern usurpers
- ,o take her, the widow of his predecessor, for his
wife, but more probably as the last act of regal splendour. She tired (' made good') her head, and looked down upon him from the high latticed window in the tower (Jos., ' Ant.,' ix. 6, § 4)." JOHN PICKFORD, M.A. Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge. This is undoubtedly an abbreviation of attire, and applied to a woman's headdress or some part 01 it. We have it in the heraldic word attire, the horns of a buck or stag. What is the present technical or trade term For the brass moons and other designs used bo decorate the harness of the modern cart- horse] According to Bailey these were formerly called tyrets. J. HOLDEN MAcMlCHAEL. Wimbledon Park Road. Bailey gives tire, which he derives from the French attour, as being a woman's head- dress. I can remember hearing the term used in connexion with the quaint headdress of the old-fashioned London charity girls. I cannot say positively, but I believe it was the band or string used to fasten on the mob- cap or bonnet which was called a tyre or tire. And in this connexion I would compare with tiara, from the Greek tiaras, originally a kind of turban, now generally applied to the band of jewels worn by noble ladies when in Court dress. Other derivatives, evidently from the same root, may be found in the French tirant = purse-string,boot-strap; tire-bouton= a button-strap ; attirail—dress, &c. G. YARROW BALDOCK. BOROUGH-ENGLISH (9th S. v. 376, 501 ; vi. 35, 117).—It is hardly necessary to reply to MR. JAMES PEACOCK'S last note. I charged him with crowding his previous note with blunders, and to such a charge the answer one naturally expects is an attempt, at the very least, to substantiate the statements which have been challenged. Less than this is worse than nothing. MR. PEACOCK is responsible for the statements that " by the custom of the honour of Richmond males' inherit in common," and that " in the Swaile- dale manor courts the same custom prevails." These statements, I repeat, are not true, and never were true. But, says MR. PEACOCK, "I have numerous extracts made from the Court Rolls of the Swailedale manors, ex- tending from 1691 to 1785, and there is no doubt whatever that during that time males inherited in common." These "numerous extracts," however, are not produced, and, in the meantime, they are not evidence. I should not be surprised to find that in some manors of the Swaledale district the lands of
