Page:Popular Science Monthly Volume 55.djvu/396
8o POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY.
traced such "works as Sri Bama, a free translation of the Bamaijana ; the Ilikayat Panclia Tantra, an adaptation of the Hitaspodesa; Eadin Mantri, a history of the love affairs of a Javan royal prince; the Shdir Bidasari, an epic; and several other such epics and ro- mances.
One must not think that the language of these works is old- fashioned or obsolete, as Beowulf and Chaucer are to us, or the Niebelungen Lied in German. On the contrarv, thev are full of Arabic words and many other marks of recent composition; but it is the matter, the conditions of life described, the evident antiquity of the very feeling of the productions, that lead one to refer them to the early period.
There are also some works that are genuinely Malay in origin and inspiration, and probably of a date that would put them between the ancient and modern periods. Of such is Hong Tuah, a story of a prince of Malacca who was a kind of King Arthur of his day. This Avork exists in several manuscripts, some of which are in England, one in Leyden, and one or two in the East Indies, and the date of the oldest is not before 1172 of the Ilegira. Considering the fact that the year 1317 of the Mohammedan era does not commence till May 12, 1899, we thus see that many of the manuscripts of Malay litera- ture are of no great antiquity. Another of these intermediate works is the Sejarat Malayu, or Malay Annals, which narrates the history of the Malays of Malacca, and their heroic defense against the Por- tuguese in the year 1511. It is divided into chapters, and is about the only notable historical composition in the language.
The modern period is that period which marks the domination of Islam in the far East, the period in which the Malay mind has adjusted itself to a new faith and a new education. It is hard to tell when Mohammedanism first obtained a real foothold among the Malays, but probably not much before the fourteenth century. However, the conquest when once effected was complete, and to-day the ])eople of Tanah Malayu are among the strictest followers of the Prophet.
In a certain sense this period of the literature has been fruitful, but not so fruitful as the former one. Originality has been checked and imagination deadened, and the result is seen in a loss of sprightli- ness and vivacity. "Works of morals and philosophy and compila- tions of Mohammedan law, have flourished. Still, we find some prose works of this period which are commendable; they even have some of the spirit of the earlier wi-itings by wliicli, no doubt, they were inspired; among these may be mentioned the Tadju Elsalaihin, or Crown of Kings, by a mendicant monk, and the IliTxayat Sulian Ihrnlnm, a religi<(ii~ ronance of sonic beauty and yiathos'.
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