§ 384. d followed by fh, th or ch gives t, e.g. d′ɛətiN′, ‘I might’, = d’fheudfainn; statə m′ə, ‘I shall stop’; kətiə, ‘why’, < cad chuige.
§ 385. In the present and imperfect passive the tendency is to substitute t for th in the ending in order to distinguish these tenses from the future and conditional in such cases as k′αptər, çαpti:, b′r′αktər, ꬶlαkti:, iərtər. From d′er′əm, ‘I say’, the usual form is d′ɛrtər, though d′ɛr̥ər may be heard. For d′ɛrtər cp. Chr. Bros. Aids to Pron. of Irish p. 18 : “In Munster the t in the termination of the autonomous present is usually broad – e.g. innstear is pronounced ínnstar”. In the second conjugation the termination of the imperfect passive is ‑i:sti, never ‑i:ʃt′i:, e.g. d′iN′ʃi:sti:, ‘used to be related’. For the ending cp. the new past participle termination ‑i:ʃt′ə.
§ 386. A parasitic t is frequently added after χ, L, N, s, t, e.g. i:N′t′αχt, ‘a certain’, Di. éiginteach s. éigin (cp. G. J. June ’03 p. 337); tαməLt, ‘a while’, Di. tamall; tα̃uw̥əNt, ‘barking’, M.Ir. toffund; fo̤rəst, ‘easy’, M.Ir. urussa; grα:st (also grα:stə), ‘grace’, Di. grás; b′r′ïst huw, ‘a plague on you’ = b′ir′ əs huw. Also fɔstαχt, fɔstαt, ‘besides’, < fɔstə, fɔ:st, Di. fós influenced by f′αstfə, ‘yet’.
6. t′.
§ 387. In producing this sound the front rim of the tongue is pressed against the top teeth or the edge of the lower teeth whilst the front of the tongue is brought against the front part of the hard palate. A similar sound is frequent in English in words like ‘ritual’ when not pronounced with tʃ. I have not noticed any tendency in Donegal for t′ to pass into tʃ as in parts of Connaught, Manx and Scotch Gaelic. The contact for t′ is however broken very gradually and a glide resembling ʃ is heard. For t′ as a lenis see § 438.
§ 388. t′ corresponds to O.Ir. initial t before e, i or preceding r followed by those vowels, e.g. tαχ ‘house’, O.Ir. tech; t′αN, ‘tight’, O.Ir. tend; t′αŋy:, ‘tongue’, O.Ir. tenge; t′e`, ‘hot’, M.Ir. teith beside tee, té; t′iəχɔg, ‘chest for meal’, M.Ir. tíach; t′in′i, Mire′, O.Ir. tene; t′iN′əs, ‘sickness’, M.Ir. tinnes; t′ïNtα, ‘to turn’, cp. O.Ir. tintúuth; t′r′ɛən, ‘strong’, M.Ir. trén; t′r′iən, ‘third’, M.Ir. trian; t′r′eig′əm, ‘I abandon’, M.Ir. trécim. t′ precedes l′ in t′l′ig′ən but this is due to a late metathesis (§ 440).
