CnURCH OF ROME.
303
Year of
Name
Offloe or dignity
Nationality
Year of birth
Nomina- tion
Cardinal Priests — cont.
Lorenzo Barili .
■
„
1801
1868
Giuseppe Berardi.
Minister of Finance
,,
1810
1868
Giovanni Moreno
Arehbp. of Valladolid
Spanish
1817
1868
Kafiu-le La Valletta .
Italian
1837
1868
Cardinal Deacons : — ,
Giacomo Antonelli
Minister of State
Italian
1806
1847
Prospero Caterini
Preft. of Congregation
„
1795
1853
Gasparo Grasselini
,,
1769
1856
Teodulo Mertel ,
Pres. Council of State
u
1806
1858
Domanico Consolini .
Preft. of Propaganda
,,
1806
1866
Edoardo Borromeo
u
1822
1868
Ann i bale Capalti
>t
1811
1868
The cardinals are Princes of the Church. In the early ages the cardinals were the principal priests of the churches in Rome or deacons of districts. In the eleventh century they numbered but twenty- eight ; and it was in modern times that the number was raised to seventy. When assembled the cardinals form the Sacred College, compose the Council of the Pope, preside at special and general congregations, and govern the Church so long as the Ponti- fical throne is vacant. They received the distinction of the red hat under Innocent III., during the Council of Lyons, in 1245; and the purple from Boniface VIII., in 1294. The great Catholic Powers propose a certain number of prelates to be named by the Pope, and these are known as Cardinals of the Crown.
The upper Catholic Hierarchy throughout the world includes 7 Patriarchates of the Latin Rite, and 5 of the Oriental Rite, with Patriarchal Jurisdiction; 132 Archbishoprics of the Latin Rite, and 7 of the Oriental Rite ; and 6G0 Bishoprics of the Latin and 63 of the Oriental Rite. There are besides 284 titular Archbishoprics, and Bishoprics or Sees ' in partibusf infidelium.' According to the Annuario PontijiGio of 1870, the Hierarchy comprises —
I. Patriarchates. Of the Latin Rite;—
1. Constantinople, %. Alexandria, 3. Antioch, 4. Jerusalem, 5. Venioe, 6. West Indies, 7. Lisbon. Of the Oriental Site, with Patriarchal Jurisdiction : —
1. Antioch, of the Melchite Greeks {Anliochen, Melchitarum) ; 2. Antioch, of the Maronites (Antioehen. Maronitarum) ; 3. Antioch, of the Syrians Antiochen. Syrortiiu); 4. Babylon of the Chaldeans \Babylonen. Chaldceorum); 0,. Cilicia, of the Armenians (CUicics Armenorum).
II. Archbishoprics. Latin Rite:—
Immediately subject to the Holy See . . . . .12 "With Ecclesiastical provinces 120
