1258
SPAIN
Town
Top.
Town
Pop.
Town 1 Linares .
Pop.
Madrid .
571,539
Palma .
68,359
36,419
Barcelona
560,000
Jerez
62,628
! San Sebastian
47,894
Valencia .
233,348
Cordoba.
65,160
Alcoy .
33,729
Sevilla .
155,366
Santander
65,209
Badajoz .
33,160
Malaga .
133,(145
Alicante.
51,165
Vitoria .
32,377
Murcia .
124,985
Oviedo .
52,874
Burgos .
31,489
Cartagena
96,9S3
Giion .
52,226
Castellon
30,583
Zaragoza .
105,788
Almeria
45,198
Navarra
28,759
Bilbao
92,514
Las Palnias .
53,824
Huelva .
27,699
Granada .
77,425
Coruiia .
45,650
Jaen
26,894
I'adiz
67,174
S. Cruz (Canaries).
53,403
Salamanca .
26,295
Valladolid
67,742
The movement of population in 5 years was as follows : —
Years
Marriages
Births
Deaths
Surplus of births
1907 1908 1909 1910 1911
136,355 141,040 129,528 139,176 142,119
645,986 657,699 650,415 646,787 625,172
472,054 460,942 4(>6,075 456,127 463,678
17r.,032 196,759 183,740 190,660 161,494
Emigration in 1906, 126,771 ; in 1907, 130,640 ; in 1908, 157,555 ; in 1909, 111,058; in 1910, 160,136; in 1911, 139,683 (99,709 men and 39,974 women); Emigration from Spain is chiefly to Argentina (99,090), Cuba (28,860) and Brazil (6,831).
Religion.
The national Church of Spain is the Roman Catholic, and the whole popu- lation of the kingdom adhere to that faith, except about 30,000, Protestants (about 7,000), Jews (about 4,000), Rationalists, etc. Within the Peninsula, apart from Portugal, there are 9 metropolitan sees and 47 suffragan sees, the chief being Toledo, whose archbishop bears likewise the title of Patriarch of the West Indies The Constitution requires the nation to support the clergy and the buildings, &c. , of the Church, and for this purpose the State expends annually about 41,000,000 pesetas. Efforts are being made for a reduction of the Church estimates. The relations between Church and State, are in ac- cordance with the Concordat of May 6, 1851, and although it is laid down in this that only the orders of San A^icente de Paul, and Felipe Neri, with one other to be subsequently named, should be permitted in Spain, mauy other orders have been allowed to establish themselves. The third order refeired to above, has never been named, and the conditions of this Concordftt have never been rigidly adhered to. The present Government is working to en- force the law above referred to, and no fundamental changes are contemplated at present. A law known as the "Padlock Bill" Avas pai^sed in Decend^er, 1910, prohildting the establishment of any more religious houses, without the consent of the Government. This is only a temporary measure, a more comprehensive Act is being draited, which will be discussed shortly. Liberty of worship is now allowed to Protestants. The communities of! the religious orders are numerous and influential in Spain. Man 3'^ of them have schools, and about 5,200 of their members are engaged in teaching
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