Increased demands must at present be made upon the combat training of the soldier. The combat requires enterprising, self-sacrificing, cold-blooded men who are imbued with the spirit of the reckless offensive. "The combat requires thinking leaders, trained to rely upon themselves, and skirmishers having initiative." (Par. 2 German I. D. R.). "Judgment, self-confidence and boldness must be aroused and continually developed in the young soldier." (Par. 144 German I. D. R.). "The aim of all exercises should be to develop the soldier into a self-thinking and conscientiously working skirmisher." (Par. 158 German I. D. R.). "All training should be directed toward producing self-reliance in leaders and in the individual skirmisher." (Par. 251 German I. D. R.). "The infantry must nourish the desire for taking the offensive; its actions must be guided by the one thought, forward, at the enemy, no matter what the cost." (Par. 265 German I. D. R.). "The continuous desire to press forward and the endeavor to surpass all other units must animate all parts of the attacking force." (Par. 327 German I. D. R.). "It should be a point of honor with skirmishers not to allow the supports to overtake them earlier than the moment of penetrating the enemy's position." (Par. 348 German I. D. R.). "Those who fall must be left behind. These sacrifices should not lead to an abatement of the pursuit any more than the losses sustained in the previous fight caused the renunciation of the purpose of the combat." (Par. 424 German I. D. R.). "A commander who is ever willing to shoulder responsibility will not shrink from throwing troops into the fight regardless of consequences even when the outcome of the battle is doubtful." (Par. 304 German I. D. R.).
If love of life and fear of death are overcome in a soldier by discipline, in an officer this must be brought about by a higher sense of duty and honor. On the battlefield the desire to live does not appear in a cultured person, as a rule, in its ordinary, undisguised form; it makes itself felt rather
