overcome by the reserves, if any are still available, taking a hand in the fight." (Pars. 590-592).
The decision to assault may emanate either from the firing line, from the commander of the whole force, or from the commander of one of the units. If the decision emanates from the firing line, all the troops are to conform to the movement of that line. The following provision, which applies even to a company acting alone, differs from the German regulations, viz., "During the assault, a part of the assailant's force should, whenever practicable, continue its fire and direct it upon any hostile reserves that may appear."
DEFENSE.
The regulations governing the defense seeking a decision differ
but little from the views entertained in Germany. The actual work of
preparing a position for defense is not to commence until the direction
in which the enemy is going to make his attack is known. The assailant
is to be prevented, as far as possible, from obtaining information of the
position and the measures taken for strengthening it. This is to be
accomplished by pushing small detachments to the front to hamper the
enemy's advance.
In the past, advanced positions were decidedly opposed by the Austrians, but at present their use is recommended in cases where time is to be gained or the enemy is to be deceived, or where fire from such positions would inflict considerable losses on the enemy. However, the regulations seek to obviate the danger of the principal fight taking place in the advanced position instead of in the main position, by adding: "But such a measure should not cause the commander to swerve from the firm determination to carry out his original intention."
The tremendously increased fire power of infantry is to make it possible to hold the front with a comparatively weak force, while the remaining troops are concentrated as a reserve with which the actual decision is to be brought about. The commander should resist every temptation to use the general reserve for other purposes than for carrying out the counter-attack, which should be ordered when the assailant is under the most effective fire of the position. The general reserve should then be quickly deployed and should make its attack with determination, by directing a violent fire against the flank of the enemy. Local frontal counter-attacks are to be avoided. The garrison is only charged with the task of annihilating the enemy with its fire, which should be increased to the utmost intensity.
