"The clouds their gloomy veil above them strain,
Nor suffer sun or star to cheer the view.
While aye descending night, with deeper shade,
The vext and fearful billows overlayed."
—Ariosto, Orlando Furioso.
4:9. Æneas. Son of Venus and Anchises, hero of the Æneid. 4:9. Chilled.
"His bold Æneas on like billows tossed
In a tall ship, and all his country lost
Dissolves with fear; and, both his hands upheld,
Proclaims them happy when the Greeks had quelled
In honorable fight."
—Waller, Of the Dangers his Majesty Escaped.
4:12. Thrice.
"Thrice happy, four times happy, they who fell
On Troy's wide field warring for Atreus' sons:
O, had I met my fate and perished there."
—Homer, Odyssey.
4:14. Tydeus' son. Diomedes, with whom Æneas had fought in single combat and been saved by direct intervention of Venus.
4:16. Hector. Son of Priam, king of Troy, and Hecuba. Hector was the bravest champion of Troy, and was slain by Achilles.
4:17. Æacides. A descendant of Æacus (king of Ægina and father of Peleus). Virgil applies the name to (1) Achilles, (2) Pyrrhus, son of Achilles, (3) Perseus, king of Macedonia.
