118 AULIC COUNCIL AUMALE lish king, successor of Edmund, made him do homage and embrace Christianity. In 952 Aulaf was driven out by the Christian North- umbrians, and, tired of struggling against the English, he went over to lead the Ostmen of Dublin against the Irish. He defeated Mur- doch, king of Leinster, in 956, and put him to death the next year. Two more Leinster princes suffered the same fate in 977. At this time he called himself king of Ireland and the Isles. In 980 Aulaf lost his son and heir, Regi- nald or Regnell, in an engagement against the Hibernian aborigines, and in the same year, heart-broken, he went on a pilgrimage to lona, where he died, after a stormy life. II. Son of Guthfrith, and uncle of the preceding, lived in the latter half of the 10th century. He joined in the wars of his nephew against the Saxons in south Britain and the Celts of Erin. He ravaged Armagh in 932, and Kilcullen in 938. In 939 he was obliged to shut himself up in Dublin. He made an irruption into England with his nephew, conquered Edmund, the suc- cessor of Athelstan, in 943, and recovered Northumbria. He lived and died a pagan and a hater of the Christian clergy. AILIC COUNCIL (Lat. aula, a court or hall ; Ger. Heichihofrath), a tribunal under the old German empire, standing at its first institution next in authority to the supreme imperial chamber (Reichslcammergerichf), to which it was afterward made equal in power. It was formed in 1501 by the emperor Maximilian, chiefly from members of his tribunal for the administration of justice in the Austrian do- minions, and, as ultimately organized, con- sisted of a president, vice president, and 18 councillors, all appointed and paid by the emperor. The authority of the aulic council was confirmed at the peace of Westphalia, made equal to that of the chamber, and sharply defined in the decrees concerning it (ReichsJiofratJis-Ordnungeri) of 1559 and 1654. Six of the councillors must be of the Protestant religion, and the unanimous vote of these six could not be entirely overruled by the others, no matter what their majority. The council was divided into two sections, one of no- bles (Graf en und fferren), the other of legal scholars or experts (Gelehrte), all equal in rank, though the last named class received higher salaries than the others. The vice chancellor appointed by the electorate of Mentz also had a seat in the council. This tribunal had ex- clusive jurisdiction over feudal affairs con- nected with the empire, appeals in criminal cases in the states immediately subject to the emperor, and questions concerning the im- perial government itself. The members of the council held office, except in extraordinary cases, during one reign ; each emperor, imme- diately on his accession, appointing new ones. The council passed out of existence with the old German empire itself in 1806. H US, in ancient geography, a town of Hel- las, in Boiotia, situated on the strait of Euripus, which separates Bceotia and Euboea ; it had a temple of Diana. Here Agamemnon assem- bled his fleet preparatory to crossing the ^Egean sea to Troy, and here his daughter Iphigenia was presented as a sacrifice to Di- ana. In the time of Pausanias only a few potters inhabited it. AILNAY Hi: CHAKMSE, Charles de Monou, sei- gneur d', a French proprietor, who figured large- ly in the history of Acadia or Nova Scotia, died in 1650. He was sent out about 1632 by Com- mander Isaac de Razilly, the proprietor of Aca- dia, and on his death acted as agent for his brother Claude de Razilly, whose rights he purchased in 1642. A civil war broke out soon after between him and La Tour, a neighboring proprietor, in which both parties committed excesses, and both sought the aid of New Eng- land. D'Aulnay secured the favor of the French government, and, after capturing Ma- dame de la Tour in her fort in 1645, was appoint- ed governor. His authority extended to the Kennebec. His widow, Jeanne Motin, married his old rival La Tour. AUMALE (formerly Albemarle), a town of France, in the department of Seine-Inf6rieure, 40 m. N. E. of Rouen ; pop. in 1866, 2,929. In 1592 a battle was fought here between the French and the Spaniards, in which Henry IV. was wounded. In the beginning of the 16th century Aumale was a county belonging to Claude de Lorraine, 5th son of Ren6 II., duke of Lorraine, who was afterward created duke of Guise by Francis I. of France, and became the head of the illustrious family of that name. It was raised to the rank of a duchy by Henry II., and held as such by Claude II., 3d son of Claude I., and brother of the celebrated Francis of Guise. This duke of Aumale distinguished himself during the war of the French against the emperor Charles V., was one of the pro- moters of the St. Bartholomew massacre, and was killed by a cannon ball before La Rochelle in 1573. His son Charles de Lorraine fought against Henry IV., assisting the duke of llay- enne in the battles of Arques and Ivry, where the troops of the league were defeated. The title of duke of Aurnale, after being extinct for years, was given to HENBI EUGENE PHILIPPE Louis D'ORLEANS, 4th son of Louis Philippe, born in Paris, Jan. 16, 1822. Like his brothers, he was educated at one of the public colleges of Paris. In 1839 he was appointed captain in the 4th regiment of the line ; he took part in the Afri- can expedition of M6d6ah, served a second campaign in Algeria, and returned to France in 1841 on account of ill health. While enter- ing Paris, Sept. 13, 1841, at the head of the 17th regiment, of which he had been appointed colonel, a man of the name of Quenisset dis- charged a gun at him, but missed his aim. In 1842 he was made brigadier general, and com- mander of the district of Med6ah. On May 16, 1843, he attacked and routed Abd-el-Kader, and as a reward was made lieutenant general and commander of the province of Constantino.
