BATHORI BATHUKST 389 by which it was decreed that the order should consist of the sovereign, a grand master, and 36 companions. Its badge, of pure gold, was to be a sceptre of three united imperial crowns, from which grew the rose, the thistle, and the shamrock, and around which was inscribed the ancient motto, Trio, juncta in uno. It was to be hung by a red ribbon from the collar ob- liquely over the right shoulder. The collar should contain 30 ounces troy weight of gold, and be a complicated arrangement of nine crowns and eight roses, thistles, and sham- rocks, the latter being enamelled in their prop- er colors and attached to the crowns by gold knots enamelled white. A silver star also, made to resemble the badge, and with a glory or rays proceeding from its centre, should adorn the left shoulder of the knight, being embroidered upon the left side of his mantle. The apparel of a knight of the bath was or- dered to be a red surcoat, lined and edged with white and encircled by a white girdle, a crim- son mantle lined with white and fastened about the neck with a cordon of white silk, a white silk hat surmounted by plumes of white feath- ers, white boots, red stockings and breeches, and a sword in a white leather scabbard. In 1815 the number of the knights of the bath was enlarged. Three denominations and ranks were then ordained in the order: the first, consisting of knights grand crosses, to be con- ferred only upon officers who had reached the rank of major general in the army or rear ad- miral in the navy, excepting that 12 of the number might be appointed for eminent civil services. The grand crosses were distinguish- ed by wearing over their badge and star a wreath of laurel winding about an escrol, on which was inscribed left dien. The second class, consisting of knights commanders, take precedence of all knights bachelors in the kingdom, and no one is eligible to this dignity till he has reached the rank of major general in the army or rear admiral in the navy, and no one is eligible as a grand cross till he has first been a commander. The third class, con- sisting of knights companions, takes precedence of all esquires in the kingdom, and no officer is admissible to this dignity who has not received a medal in reward for valor, or been especially mentioned as of signal merit in the despatches of his superior officer. BATHORI, or Bathory, the name of a noble Transylvanian family, several members of which have played a distinguished part in his- tory. I. Stephen (!STVAN), of the Ecsed branch of the family, a commander under King Mat- thias Corvinns, achieved a great victory over the Turks at Keny6rmezo in 1479. II. Stephen, of the Somly6 branch, was waywode of Tran- sylvania under John Zapolya. III. Stephen, son of the preceding, born in 1532, was elected prince of Transylvania in 1571. He was after- ward elected king of Poland, and crowned at Cracow in 1576. On this event he resigned his rule over Transylvania, at the same tim recommending his brother to the house of deputies as his successor. He died after a prosperous reign, in 1586. (See POLAND.) IV. Christopher (KmsT6F), elder brother of the pre- ceding, elected prince in his stead in 1576. The Jesuits came to Transylvania during his reign, and the education of his son was com- mitted to their charge. He died in 1581. V. Siglsmand (ZSIGMOND), son of the preceding, chosen prince before the death of his father. He was a weak-minded man, and, having married a princess of the house of Hapsburg, made an agreement with the emperor Ru- dolph II. that, if he should die without issue, the rule of Transylvania should be transferred to the emperor or to his successor ; a compact which he, as merely an elected prince, had no right to make. He was afterward persuaded by the Jesuit Simon Genga to make over his principality to Rudolph, on the promise of be- ing made bishop and cardinal. Notwithstand- ing some violent opposition on the part of the deputies, one of whom was put to death, this transfer was effected in 1598, and Bathori re- tired into Silesia. But, after waiting several months in vain expectation of the promised bishopric and cardinal's hat, he returned to Transylvania, reassumed the princely office, and immediately transferred the same to his uncle Andrew. He then retired into Poland, but on the death of his brother returned, and again assumed the government of Translyvania (1599). He was soon, however, compelled by the emperor to resign for the third time, and, having received from him a pension and an estate, finally died at Prague, March 27, 1613. VI. Gabriel (GABOB), a cousin of the preceding, became prince of Transylvania in 1608, was capricious and cruel, and, succumbing to a re- volt, fled to Gross-Wardein, where he was killed by some malcontents in 1613. VII. Eliz- abeth (EszsfiBET), the wife of a Hungarian count, notorious and execrated for her re- morseless cruelty. Believing that the blood of young maidens would restore freshness and bloom to her shrivelled skin, she caused a great many to be brought to her castle on various pretences, and then, to obtain the desired bath, had them bled to death by some accom- plices. Her horrible practices were at last discovered, and she was brought to trial. One of her accomplices, a man, was decapitated, two females, the chief instruments of her crimes, were burned alive, and the countess herself was condemned to imprisonment for life (1611). She died in confinement a few years later. BATHERST, a town of New Brunswick, cap- ital of Gloucester county, situated on the most southern point of the bay of Chaleurs, 237 in. N. W. of Halifax ; pop. about 2,000. It is a port of entry, and has considerable trade. It has a good harbor, and is noted for its ship building. BATHURST. I. An E. county of New South Wales, Australia, bounded N. E. by the Mac-
