770 BOCHSA BOCIISA, Robert Nicolas Charles, a harpist and composer, born at Montm6dy, France, Aug. 8, 1789, died in Australia in June, 1856. When 7 years old he performed in public on the piano- forte, and at 12 had composed symphonies, concertos, overtures, and a quartet. At the age of 16 he began to study the harp, and was placed in the conservatoire at Paris, where he was instructed by Mehul in composition. At the end of the first year he obtained the prin- cipal prize in harmony. He soon acquired eminence as a performer on the harp, and his published compositions for it amount to 150, exclusive of 50 studies and two methods for pupils. In 1813 he was appointed by Napoleon first harpist at his private concerts ; and he filled the same office under Louis XVIII. He com- posed a number of operas for the French stage, successful in their day, but now nearly forgot- ten. In 1817 he went to England, where his professional career lasted 30 years. In 1822 he became professor of the harp at the royal academy of music, of which institution he was also appointed a lite governor. From 1847 he made musical tours in North America, Australia, &c., with Madame Anna Bishop. BOCHOI, a town of Prussia, capital of an ex- tensive and densely populated circle, in the dis- trict of Arnsberg, province of Westphalia, 40 m. 8. W. of Munster; pop. in 1871, 21,193. It is situated in a fertile region on the coal field of the lower Kuhr, and contains a school of trades and a chamber of commerce. Bochurn is the seat of the mineralogical administration of the county of Mark, and has important man- ufactories of cast iron, cast steel, and other ar- ticles. The production of coal and the trade in grain are considerable. The population has more than doubled since 1861, and is still rapidly increasing. BOCK., Cornelius Peter, a German archaeologist, born in Aix-la-Chapelle, June 8, 1804, died at Freiburg, Baden, Oct. 18, 1870. While study- ing at Bonn and Heidelberg he published poems under the name of Christodor, showing his devotion to the Roman Catholic creed. After spending several years in Italy he was for a short time professor at the university of Marburg, and subsequently resided for many years in Brussels. During about 11 years pre- ceding his death he was honorary professor at Freiburg. He wrote chiefly on archaeological subjects, and published in 1856 inedited frag- ments of Boethius. BOCK, Franz, a German theologian and ar- chaeologist, born at Burtscheid in 1 823. He was educated at Bonn, became chaplain at Crefeld in 1850, then founded in 1852 the first large exhibition of ancient masterpieces of Christian art, and established a manufactory of silks after the models of the middle ages, for use in churches, and model schools for instruction in the manufacture of church vessels. He col- lected in various parts of Europe materials for his Oeschichte der liturgischen Gewilnder dea Mittelalters (2 vols., Bonn, 1859), and was one BOCKH of the founders of the episcopal museums at Co- logne and Aix-la-Chapelle. He was appointed honorary canon of the cathedral of Aix-la- Chapelle, and has also been pastor at Cologne since 1857. He spent eight years in preparing his principal work, Die Kleinodicn den heili- gen romischen Reichs deuUcher Nation nebst den Kroninsignien Bdhmew, Ungarns und der Lombardei, with 58 chromo-lithographic plates (Vienna, 1864), and has published many other works relative to Christian art and antiquities. BOCK. I. Karl August, a German anatomist, born in Magdeburg, March 25, 1782, died in Leipsic, Jan. 30, 1833. He was assistant pro- sector of Rosenmtiller, and from 1814 till his death prosector in the anatomical theatre of Leipsic, and did much to improve that institu- tion. He wrote Handbuch der praktitchen Anatomie des menschlichen Eorpers (2 vols., Meissen. 1819-'22), and other medical works. II. Karl Ernst, a German anatomist and author, son of the preceding, born in Leipsic, Feb. 21, 1809. He studied under the direction of hia father at the schools and the university of Leip- sic, graduating in 1831. In the same year he practised for a short time in the hospitals of Warsaw. On his return to Leipsic he became adjunct professor at the university, and subse- quently professor and director of a part of the clinical department ; and he also presided over post-mortem examinations. His Handliuch der Anatomie des Memchen, &c. (2 vols., Leip- sic, 1838; 4th ed., 1864), and Anatomisches Taschenbuch (1839; 5th ed., 1864), have been translated into Russian and Danish, and his Lehrbuch der pathologi&chen- Anatomie und Diagnostics (4th ed., 1864) is very popular. His other works include Handatlas der Anato- mie des Mentehen (5th ed., 1864) and au, Leben und Pflege des menschlichen Kurpers in Wort und Bild (1868); and he completed the Chirurguch-anatorniiche Tafeln of his father. BOCKENHEIM, a town of Germany, in the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau, about 1 m. N. W. of Frankfort, on the Main and Weser railway; pop. in 1871, 8,476. It has many manufactories, and its population is increasing. BOCKELSON, or lion-old, Johann. See JOHN OF LEYDEN. !!(')( k II, August, a German philologist and anti- quary, born at Carlsruhe, Nov. 24, 1785, died in Berlin, Aug. 3, 1867. He was the son of a func- tionary and the brother of Friedrich von Bockh (1777-1855), who was for a time prime min- ister of Baden. He prepared himself at the gymnasium of Carlsruhe for a course of theo- logical studies at Halle, when Wolf directed his attention to philology, to which science he continued to apply himself at Berlin. He was professor at Heidelberg from 1807 to 1809, and afterward, for over 40 years, of rhetoric and ancient literature in the university of Berlin. He was made member of the academy in 1814 and privy councillor in 1830. He opened a new era in philology and archaeology, by abandon- ing the old system of mere linguistic research,
