IMOLA IMPEACHMENT 197 They are sent out in their natural colors, or more frequently dyed ; most of them have to be bleached before dyeing, which is done by sulphur fumes, chlorine, or acids, according to r.hodanthe Manglcsil. the kind, and afterward colored, usually with aniline dyes. Of late years there nave ap- peared among the immortelles larkspurs, roses, and other flowers not ordinarily so classed; these are preserved by exposing them thor- oughly to sulphur fumes and afterward drying them, when most flowers regain the color that sulphur has temporarily removed. IMOLA, a town of Italy, in the province and 20 m. 8. E. of the city of Bologna, on a small island of the Santerno, on the road from Bologna to Faenza; pop. in 1872, 28,398. It is the seat of a bishop, and has an ancient castle, a cathe- dral, a gymnasium, a technical school, noted manufactories of tartar, and an active trade in wine, flax, hemp, rice, and corn. Imola is be- lieved to be the ancient Forum Cornelii, which was founded by Sulla. Pius VII. and Pius IX. were bishops of Imola before becoming popes. IMOLA, Iiimirrii7.il> da, a Bolognese painter, whose real name was Francucci, born at Imola in the latter part of the 15th century, died about 1550. He was a pupil of Francia, and resided chiefly in Bologna, where his painting of the archangel Michael subduing Satan is now preserved. In the latter part of his life he imitated Raphael, and some of his works have been mistaken for his. IMPEACHMENT (Fr. empechement, hindrance, obstruction), the accusation and prosecution, in a legislative body, of a person for treason or other high crimes. By the law of England, any member of the house of commons may impeach any other member of the house, or any lord of parliament, or indeed any other officer of the realm. Upon such impeachment being made, the house of commons, if they see fit, exhibit articles of impeachment before the house of lords, and appoint managers to sus- tain the charge and conduct the trial; and upon the trial, the same rules of evidence, in general, are in force as in trials in the ordinary courts of justice. This is a very solemn pro- cedure, it being a prosecution before the su- preme court of criminal jurisdiction for the whole realm, by the grand inquest thereof. It has been most frequently used against the king's ministers; and in order to take the trial from the power of the king, it is provided by law that the impeachment is not abated either by the prorogation or dissolution of parlia- ment. The latest and best known cases are those of Warren Hastings (1788) and of Lord Melville (1806). In the United States, im- peachment is a written charge and accusation by the house of representatives of the United States, made to the senate of the United States, against an officer thereof; or, in a state, it is such an accusation of an officer, by the repre- sentatives of the state, before the senate. The proceedings, rules, and practice in cases of impeachment in this country are borrowed from the common law of England, excepting so far as they are affected by the constitution or statutes of the United States, or of the sev- eral states. The constitution of the United States declares (art. i., sec. 2) that the house of representatives shall have the sole power of impeachment, and (art. i., sec. 3) that the senate shall have the sole power to try all im- peachments. By art. ii., sec. 4, the persons made liable to impeachment are the president, the vice president, and all civil officers of the United States. The offences for which a per- son may be impeached are (art. ii., sec. 4) "treason, bribery, and other high crimes and misdemeanors." The constitution defines trea- son, but what acts are impeachable offences under the other words employed must be de- termined by the judgment of the two houses. They would probably be- guided, but not gov- erned, by the rules of the common law and the practice of parliament. The method of procedure is substantially as follows : A reso- lution is offered by some member of the house, charging the party to be impeached with his supposed offence, and either demanding at once his impeachment, or, what is more common, providing for a committee of inquiry. If the resolution is passed, and if a committee of in- quiry reports in favor of an impeachment, and their report is adopted, a committee (the same or another) is instructed to impeach the ac- cused before the senate, and demand that that body make due provision for the trial, and in- form the senate that articles of impeachment will be prepared by the house and exhibited before the senate. The same or another com- mittee is intrusted to prepare articles of im- peachment, which, being approved by the house, are transmitted to the senate by a com- mittee appointed to conduct the trial on the part of the house, who are usually styled the managers of the impeachment. Due process
