KANO KANSAS 745 118,451 of potatoes, 122,891 Ibs. of flax, 36,760 of wool, 714,666 of butter, and 73,585 tons of hay. There were 13,514 horses, 12,075 milch cows, 17,166 other cattle, 4,397 sheep, and 16,158 swine; 11 manufactories of carriages, 1 of cheese, 2 of iron castings, 3 of machinery, 1 of linseed oil, 1 of paper, 7 of tin, copper, and sheet-iron ware, 1 of sash, doors, and blinds, 1 of woollen goods, and 5 flour mills. Capital, Kankakee City. KANO, a city of central Africa, capital of a province of the same name in Houses, situ- ated on a fertile plain in lat. 12 0' 19" N. and Ion. 8 40' E.; pop. about 40,000, nearly half of whom are slaves. In busy times the influx of foreigners and merchants swells the popula- tion to upward of 60,000. The city is sur- rounded by a well built clay wall 30 ft. high, having 14 gates defended by guard houses, and making a circuit of more than 15 miles; but not more than a third of the space en- closed by the walls is occupied by houses, the remainder being appropriated to gardens and cultivated fields. It has large markets well supplied with all the necessaries of life. The principal article of commerce is the cotton cloth woven and dyed here of various colors, and which is exported to many parts of central and northern Africa. The fine cotton fabrics in such extensive demand in Timbuctoo, and which have been supposed to be produced there, are derived chiefly from Kano. Tan- ning and the manufacture of leathern jars and sandals are also carried on to a considerable extent. Among other articles of export are hides, dyed sheepskins, the kola nut, ivory, &c. The slave trade is an important branch of na- tive commerce, and about 5,000 slaves are an- Kano. nually exported, besides many sold for domestic use. The principal European goods imported are printed muslins and calicoes from Manches- 1 ter, silks, beads, sugar, needles, razors, sword blades, and various other kinds of hardware. The province of Kano comprises a large and fertile district, with a population of more than 500,000, of whom about one half are slaves. KANSAS, a tribe of Indians of the Dakota family, who have given their name to one of the states of the Union. They are an offshoot of the Osages, and resemble them in per- son, character, customs, and language. They were first heard of by Marquette, who lays them down on his map in 1673 as on the Mis- souri, beyond the Missouris and Osages. They soon opened friendly intercourse with the French, who in 1700 prevented the Illinois and their allies from attacking them. They were visited in July, 1724, by De Bourgmont, who was on his way to the Comanches, and was well treated by the Kansas. A Jesuit mission among them is spoken of in 1728. They finally made peace with the Osages in 1806. After Louisiana was ceded to the United States, gov- ernment made a treaty of peace with the Kan- sas, Oct. 28, 1815. They were at this time on the river Kansas at the mouth of the Saline, having been forced from the right bank of the Missouri by the Sioux. They numbered about 1,500 in 130 earthen lodges. They had been hostile, but were then friendly. They defend- ed themselves bravely against the Pawnees and Ottoes, but in 1819, at the instance of Ma- jor Long, their chief Herochshe made peace with the Ottoes and other tribes. Some chiefs accompanied Major O'Fallen to Washington about 1820. By the treaty of June 8, 1825,
