GOLDSTUCKER GOLOVNIN 95 the "Memoirs of a Protestant condemned to the Galleys of France for his Religion," a trans- lation from the French, and his first known publication (2 vols. 12mo, London, 1758) ; " Life of Voltaire," written in 1759 to accompany Purdon's translation of the Henriade, but pub- lished separately in a magazine ; " Life of Richard Nash, Esq., of Bath " (Beau Nash), (1762); "Edwin and Angelina" (or "The Hermit "), a poem (1765) ; " A short English Grammar " (1766) ; " Beauties of English Poe- try " (2 vols. 12mo, 1767) ; " Poems for Young Ladies" (1767); "Life of Lord Bolingbroke," originally prefixed to a dissertation on the state of parties, and reprinted separately in 1770 ; " Life of Thomas Parnell," prefixed to an edition of his poems (1770) ; " The Haunch of Venison, a Poem " (1771) ; " The Grecian History " (2 vols. 8vo, 1774) ; " Retaliation, a Poem " (4to, 1774) ; a translation of Scarron's Roman co- mique (1774) ; and "A Survey of Experimental Philosophy" (2 vols. 8vo, 1776). His essays were collected and reprinted during his life- time. The first collection of his poems ap- peared in London in 1780 (2 vols. 12mo), and editions have since been issued by Newell, with remarks on the actual scene of "The Deserted Village " (4to, 1811) ; Mitford, in the " Aldine Poets" (12mo, 1831); Bolton Corney (8vo, 1845) ; E. F. Blanchard, with illustrations by Birket Foster and others (8vo, 1858), &c. His miscellaneous works have been edited by S. Rose, with a memoir by Bishop Percy (4 vols. 8vo, 1801); with a memoir by Washington Irving (4 vols., Paris, 1825) ; by James Prior, with an elaborate biography (6 vols. 8vo, London, 1837) ; with a life and notes (4 vols. 12mo, 1845) ; and by Peter Cunningham (4 vols. 8vo, 1855). The last two editions are the most complete and accurate that have appeared. There are nu- merous reprints and translations of GoMsmith's works in France and Germany, and " The Vi- car of Wakefield " is there as largely used for teaching English as Caesar's " Commentaries " for Latin. Biographies of the poet have been written by Mitford, Prior, and Irving ; but best of all by John Forster, " Life and Adventures of Oliver Goldsmith " (1848), enlarged as " Life and Times of Oliver Goldsmith " (2 vols., 1854), and abridged (1855). Sketches of his life were published by Sir Walter Scott in his " Lives of the Novelists," and Macaulay in the "Ency- clopaedia Britannica." GOLDSTUCKER, Tlieodor, a German orientalist, born in Konigsberg about 1822, died in Lon- don, March 11, 1872. He studied in Bonn un- der Wilhelm von Schlegel and Christian Lassen, and in Paris under Burnouf, -after which he became private tutor at the university of Ber- lin, and a friend of Humboldt, who often refers to him in the " Cosmos." In 1849 he removed to London, at the suggestion of Prof. Wilson, whom he assisted in the preparation of a San- skrit-English dictionary. He became professor of Sanskrit in University college, London, pres- ident of the philological society, and member 367 VOL. vm. 7 of the Asiatic society ; and in 1866 founded the Sanskrit society. He wrote for periodicals and cyclopaedias, and among his works are a Ger- man translation of a Hindoo drama (1842) and a number of English translations of Hindoo poems, some of them with the original texts. He left unfinished a Sanskrit-English dictionary and grammar, and an edition of the Mimansa. GOLDTHREAD. See COPTIS. GOLF (Dutch, Tcolf, a club), a Scottish game played with ball and club. The players num- ber one or more on each side, and each is pro- vided with a separate ball. The most skilful player is he who can land his ball in a given series of holes with the fewest strokes of his club. To place the ball in a proper position for striking off is called "teeing," and the plot on which the game is played is termed the " putting ground." The balls now used are generally made of gutta percha. The game is of very ancient date in Scotland, since there exist statutes as early as 1457 prohibiting it, lest it should interfere with archery. GOLGOTHA. See CALVARY. GOLIAD, a S. W. county of Texas, intersected by the San Antonio river ; area, 900 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 3,628, of whom 876 were colored. The surface is generally level, and the soil deep and rich. The bottom lands are particularly fertile. Stock raising is one of the chief occu- pations. The San Antonio and Mexican Gulf railroad passes through the N. E. part. Ara- nama college, a Presbyterian institution, is at the county seat. The chief productions in 1870 were 37,640 bushels of Indian corn, and 92 bales of cotton. There were 794 horses, 917 milch cows, 5,657 other cattle, 4,853 sheep, and 1,698 swine. Capital, Goliad. GOLIUS, Jacobus, a Dutch orientalist, born at the Hague in 1596, died in Leyden, Sept. 28, 1667. He was educated at Leyden, and ap- pointed professor of Greek at La Rochelle when 2-1 years old, but soon returned to Ley- den. In 1622 he joined a Dutch embassy to the emperor of Morocco, in order to perfect himself in Arabic. In 1624 he succeeded Er- penius as professor of Arabic at the university of Leyden, from 1625 to 1629 travelled through the Levant, and after his return was professor of mathematics. He was a voluminous writer on oriental philology ; his greatest work is his Lexicon Arabico-Latinum (fol., Leyden, 1653). GOLLNOW, a town of Prussia, in the province of Pomerania, on the Ihna, 14 m. N. E. of Stet- tin ; pop. in 1871, 7,273. It has two churches, copper works,, and manufactories of ribbon and paper. It was formerly a Hanse town. GOLOVNIN, Vasili, a Russian navigator, born in the government of Riazan in 1776, died in St. Petersburg in 1832. He entered the im- perial navy at an early age, and soon became noted for skill and courage. In 1807 he was commissioned by Alexander I. to make a sur- vey of the Pacific coast of the empire. He sailed from Cronstadt in command of the sloop of war Diana, and was occupied till 1811 in
