GUYOT Ihich she was suspected consisted mainly in jr doctrine of sanctification by faith, and of that complete identification of the will with the will of God which quietists call the "fixed" or "continuous state," and which is fully described in the " Spiritual Guide " of Molinos. She charged her opponents with having interpolated passages in her works and >rged several writings which bore her name, er principal works are : Moyen court et tres- 7 acile pour Voraison (Lyons, 1688-'90); Les 'ents spirituels, first printed in an edition her Opuscules spirituels (Cologne, 1704) ; litres de VAncien et du Nouveau Testa- t, traduits en fran$ais, avec des explica- ns et des reflexions qui regardent la me ' ieure (20 vols. 8vo, Cologne, 1713-'15) ; urs Chretiens et spirituels (1716) ; Lettres 'etiennes, &c. (4 vols. 8vo, 1717) ; collections hymns, &c. ; and her autobiography, written ring her imprisonment, and published after r death ( Vie de Madame Guy on, ecrite par meme, 3 vols. 12mo, Cologne, 1720). This ork is silent upon some of the most important cidents of her life, and it has been supposed that it was written by Poiret from her papers. ~ "any of her hymns were translated by Cow- . See Upham's "Life and Eeligious Opin- s and Experience of Madame de la Motte uyon" (2 vols. 12mo, New York, 1847). ITOT, Arnold Henry, an American geogra- r, born near Neufchatel, Switzerland, Sept.
- , 1807. He studied at Neufchatel, Stuttgart,
d Carlsruhe, where he formed an intimate friendship with Agassiz, and began with him the study of natural science. He afterward studied theology for three years at Neufchatel and Berlin ; but he was gradually led to de- vote himself to physics, meteorology, chemis- try, mineralogy, zoology, and botany. In 1835 he went to Paris, where he resided five years, passing the winters in study and the sum- mers in scientific excursions through France, Belgium, Holland, and Italy. In a tour of Switzerland in 1838, he first discovered the inated structure of the ice in glaciers, the otion of the central portion being more rapid that of the borders, as in streams of. water, e showed that the motion of the glacier is to the displacement of its molecules. These veries were fully confirmed and illustrated the investigations of Agassiz, Forbes, and ers, several years afterward. He next in- igated the distribution of erratic bowlders, order to solve the question of the mode of eir transportation. De Saussure, Von Buch, lier, and Charpentier had made numerous ervations on this subject, but the extent and e limits of these great outpourings of rocks the bosom of the Alps were not accurate- known. During seven successive summers uyot traced them on both sides of the central Ips, in Switzerland and Italy, over a surface
- " m. long and 200 m. wide', and delineated
ven different regions of rocks. Their verti- limits and the laws of their descent were GUYSBOEOUGH 347 determined by means of more than 3,000 baro- metrical observations; and the characteristic species of rock of each basin were tracked step by step to their source. The full details of these investigations were announced to form the second volume of the Systeme glaciaire by Agassiz, Guyot, and Desor, the first volume of which was printed in Paris in 1848 ; but po- litical disturbances and the removal of Guyot to the United States prevented its publication. A topographical map of the subaqueous basin of the lake of Neufchatel, believed to be the first of the kind ever published, was his next work. Guyot was professor of history and physical geography in the academy of Neufchatel from 1839 to 1848. He then removed to the United States, and resided for several years at Cam- bridge, Mass., occasionally delivering lectures on his favorite subjects. He delivered in Bos- ton in the winter of 1848-'9, in the French language, a course of lectures on the relations between physical geography and history, after- ward translated and collected into a volume under the title of "Earth and Man." He was now employed by the Massachusetts board of education to deliver lectures in the normal schools of the state and before the teachers' institutes, and by the Smithsonian institution to organize a system of meteorological obser- vations, for which he prepared an extensive series of practical tables. He was the first to determine the true height of Mt. Washington, in 1851 ; of the Black mountains of North Caro- lina, in 1856; and of the Green mountains of Vermont, in 1857. By these investigations he ascertained that there are more than 20 peaks in the Black and Smoky ranges higher than Mt. Washington. In 1855 he was appointed professor of physical geography in' the college of New Jersey at Princeton, which post he still retains. In 1873 the Vienna international ex- hibition gave him a medal of progress for his geographical works. He read a paper on "Cosmogony and the Bible" before the meet- ing of the evangelical alliance in New York in 1873, embodying the substance of a course of lectures previously delivered in the Union the- ological seminary in New York. He has also published "Directions for Meteorological Ta- bles" (Washington, 1850); " Geographical Se- ries, Primary Geography " (New York, 1866 ; almost immediately republished under the title "Introduction to Geography"); "Intermedi- ate Geography" (1870); and "Physical Geog- raphy," with a set of wall maps (1873). He has delivered lectures on " The Unity of the System of Life, the true Foundation of the Clas- sification of Plants and Animals," in Brooklyn, N. Y., and before the Smithsonian institution in Washington, and on "Man Primeval," in the Union theological seminary in New York. GH SBOROl Gil, an E. county of Nova Scotia, Canada, bordering N. E. on the gut of Canso and Chedabucto bay, and S. E. on the Atlan- tic; area, 1,656 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 16,555, of whom 5,348 were of Scotch, 4,000 of Irish,
