524 HAVERSTRAW HAVRE an odd fellows' and a masonic building, two other public halls, five hotels, and six wharves. Haverhill is noted for the manufacture of boots and shoes, which is the principal in- dustry, and in which it is surpassed only by Lynn. In 1832 the number of firms engaged in the business was 28 ; in 1837, 42 ; in 1860, 100 ; in 1874, 150. The shipments have been as follows; in 1850, 46,272 cases; 1855, 66,- 984; 1860, 83,856 ; 1872, 200,000, worth about $8,000,000. The number of hands employed is from 6,000 to 8,000, many of whom are Ca- nadian French. The goods manufactured here are principally for women's, misses', and chil- dren's wear, and are sold chiefly in the west and south. There are also 26 manufactories of heels, &c., 3 of lasts, 1 of shoe nails and tacks, 8 or 10 of other articles used in the manufac- ture of boots and shoes, 3 of carriages, 4 of bricks, 3 of wool hats, 5 of paper boxes, 1 of woollens, a bonnet bleachery, 4 machine shops, 4 national banks with an aggregate capital of $840,000, and 2 savings banks with deposits in 1874 amounting to $3,128,000. Four or five small streams furnish water power. The valu- ation of property in 1873 was $10,861,470; taxation, $217,229 40 ; debt, Jan. 1, 1874, $352,875 64. The number of public schools in 1873 was 47, viz. : 1 high, 25 grammar, and 21 primary, having 52 teachers and 2,111 pupils. There are a daily, a tri-weekly, a semi-weekly, and two weekly newspapers, a public library, a children's aid society and home, a young men's Christian association, and 20 churches. Haverhill was settled in 1640, and incorporated in 1645. A city charter was granted in 1870. For a long period it was a frontier town, and suifered severely during the Indian wars. In 1697 Mrs. Hannah DustiD was taken captive during an Indian attack, but shortly after escaped by killing 10 of her captors, with the aid of a boy and her nurse. The city is the birthplace of the poet Whittier. HAVERSTRAW, a town of Rockland co., New York, on the W. bank of the Hudson river, op- posite Peekskill, and 32 m. 1ST. of New York city hall; pop. in 1870, 6,412. The principal vil- lage is situated on the margin of the river, and is overhung by a line of limestone cliffs, which produce large quantities of lime. About 2 m. above is the village of Grassy Point. The principal business is the manufacture of bricks. The village contains a bank, a select school, two hotels, a weekly newspaper, print works, a foundery, a ship-building establishment, and three cigar factories. The town also contains the incorporated village of Warren, situated in the S. part. Stony Point, famous in the revo- lutionary war, is just above Haverstraw, from which it was separated in 1865. HAVRE (Fr. Le Havre), a fortified seaport of Normandy, France, in the department of Seine- Inferieure, situated on the S. shore of the Eng- lish channel and on the right bank of the Seine, 108 m. direct, or 143 m. by rail, N. W. of Paris, and 44 m. W. of Rouen ; lat. 49 29' 14" N., Havre. Ion. 6' 38" E. ; pop. in 1872, 86,825. Next to Marseilles it is the principal emporium of France, and has direct communication by steam vessels with London, Rotterdam, Hamburg, Copenhagen, St. Petersburg, Cadiz, Malaga, New York, &c. With the United States the commerce is of great magnitude, and Havre is an important point of departure of emigrants. It receives the bulk of the American cotton, and ships most of the exports of French goods
