HAZLETON cultivated rarities, the red and the white fil- bert, the husk is so much prolonged beyond the nut that some botanists have regarded it as a species, C. tubulosa; another marked variety is the frizzled nut. It is said that 30 cwt. of nuts have been produced upon a single acre. In England the nuts are preserved and sold in the husk ; after being thoroughly dried they are sometimes subjected to the fumes of burning sulphur to prevent moulding ; some for the same purpose pack them with salt. Besides the large quantities raised in England, the im- portation, chiefly of Barcelona nuts, is very large, over 140,000 bushels having been import- ed in a single year. Those brought to the United States come almost wholly from the south of Europe ; a very small quantity of English nuts in the husk are sold by city fruit dealers. The wood of the filbert is very close-grained, and furnishes tough and flexible shoots for making crates, hoops, whip handles, withes, and the like. A variety with dark pur- ple foliage is cultivated as an ornamental shrub. An Asiatic species, C. colurna, forms a large tree ; its nuts are imported into England under the name of Smyrna or Constantinople nuts; they yield an oil valued by painters. HAZLETON, a borough of Luzerne co., Penn- sylvania, on the dividing ridge between the Delaware and Susquehanna rivers, about 2,000 ft. above the sea, and 80 m. N. N. W. of Phila- delphia; pop. in 1860, 1,707; in 1870, 4,317; in 1874, about 7,000. It is connected with the seaboard by the Lehigh Valley railroad, and with the west by the Danville, Hazleton, and Wilkesbarre line. It has a very healthful sum- mer climate, and is resorted to during that sea- son by many wealthy families from the sea- board and inland cities. It is the centre of the Hazleton coal field, commanding the trade of that district, and contains the shops of the Ha- zleton division of the Lehigh Valley railroad, two planing mills, two grist mills, a furniture factory, a foundery, a large hotel, two banks, a daily and two weekly newspapers, three pub- lic school buildings, and eight churches. HAZLITT. I. William, an English author, born in Maidstone, April 10, 1778, died in Lon- don, Sept. 18, 1830. His father, a Unitarian clergyman, sent him to the Unitarian college at Hackney to be educated for the ministry. But he devoted himself to philosophy and art, and on leaving college determined to become a painter. He painted portraits with tolerable success, but finding he was not likely to reach a high standard, he renounced the art. In 1805 appeared his essay on " The Principles of Human Action," after which he became a regular contributor to newspapers of political articles and theatrical art criticisms, which, with his criticisms on literature and literary men, constitute his chief claim to remem- brance. Among his best known works are: "Characters of Shakespeare's Plays" (8vo, London, 1817); "A View of the English Stage" (1818); "Lectures on the English HEAD 555 Poets" (1818); "Lectures on the English Comic Writers" (1819); "Lectures on the Literature of the Elizabethan Age" (1821); " Table Talk " (2 vols. 8vo, 1824) ; " The Spirit of the Age " (1825), containing sketches of the leading public characters of the day ; an essay on the fine arts in the "Encyclopaedia Britan- nica ;" and the " Life of Napoleon Bonaparte " (4 vols. 8vo, 1828), dictated by enthusiastic admiration of his subject. In 1836 appeared his "Literary Remains," with a notice of his life by his son, and thoughts on his genius and writings by Sir E. L. Bulwer and Sergeant Talfourd (2 vols. 8vo). Hazlitt's free com- ments upon living authors made him many ene- mies. He was married in 1808, and divorced in 1823, and in the succeeding year married a wealthy widow. II. William, an English au- thor, son of the preceding, born in Wiltshire, Sept. 26, 1811. He was called to the bar in London in 1844, and appointed registrar of the court of bankruptcy in 1854. He is chiefly known in the world of letters by editions of some of his father's works ; an edition of the writings of De Foe (3 vols. 8vo, 1840) ; transla- tions of Michelet's "Eoman Republic," Guizot's " History of the English Revolution " (12mo, 1846) and "History of Civilization" (3 vols. 12mo, 1846), Thierry's " History of the Con- quest of England by the Normans" (2 vols. 12mo, 1847), and Hue's "Travels in Tartary, Thibet, and China" (1852); and an edition of Johnson's " Lives of the Poets," with additions, from the earliest period to the close of the last generation (4 vols. 12mo, 1854). In connec- tion with Mr. Roche he has compiled a "Man- ual of Maritime Warfare " and editions of the bankruptcy acts of 1861 and 1869. III. Wil- liam Carew, an English author, son of the pre- ceding, born Aug. 22, 1834. He entered the Inner Temple in 1859, and was called to the bar in 1861. He has written " The History of the Venetian Republic" (4 vols., 1858-'60); "British Columbia and Vancouver Island" (1858) ; and " Sophy Laurie," a novel (1865). He has also edited "Old English Jest Books" (3 vols., 1864), "Remains of the Early Popular Poetry of England" (4 vols., 1864-'6), the works of Charles Lamb (4 vols., 1866-'7l), "Memoirs of William Hazlitt" (2 vols., 1867), "Bibliography of Old English Literature" (1867), "English Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases" (1869), "Popular Antiquities of Great Britain " (3 vols., 1870), and a new edi- tion of Warton's " History of English Poetry " (4 vols., 1871). In the last named work he was assisted by several eminent antiquaries. HEAD. I. Sir George, an English author, born near Rochester in 1782, died in London, May 2, 1855. He served as commissary in the Brit- ish army during the war in the Peninsula, and also in Nova Scotia and the Canadas. He published "Forest Scenes and Incidents in the Wilds of North America," "Home Tour," and " Rome, a Tour of Many Days." II. Sir Fran- cis Bnd, an English author, brother of the pre-
