C34 HEMPEL HENBANE poses of ordinary hemp, to which it is consid- ered equal if not superior. HEMPEL, Charles Jnlhis, an American physi- cian, born in Solingen, Prussia, Sept. 5, 1811. He studied medicine in Paris, and in 1835 em- igrated to the United States, where he has since resided. He graduated at the university of New York, and practised medicine in that city according to the system of Hahnemann. In 1857 he was appointed professor of materia medica and therapeutics in the homoeopathic medical college of Pennsylvania, at Philadel- phia. He has published " A Grammar of the German Language " (1842); " True Organiza- tion of the New Church " (1848) ; and trans- lations of Hahnemann's Materia Medica Pura (4 vols. 8vo, 1846), of Jahr and Possart's "New Manual of the Homoeopathic Materia Medica " (1849), and of Jahr's " New Manual " (2 vols.), to which a third volume was added by Dr. Hempel as a separate work, under the title of "Complete Repertory of Homoeopathic Mate- ria Medica" (1853). He has also published " A Comprehensive System of Homoeopathic Materia Medica and Therapeutics" (1859), " Homoeopathic Theory and Practice, with the Homoeopathic Treatment of Surgical Diseases," with Dr. I. Beakley (1865), and " The Science of Homoeopathy " (1874). HEMPSTEAD, a S. W. county of Arkansas, bounded N. E. by the Little Missouri, and S. W. by Red and Little rivers ; area, about 1,000 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 13,768, of whom 6,329 were colored. The surface is hilly, the soil sandy and fertile. Red river is navigable by steamboats. The chief productions in 1870 were 1,608 bushels of wheat, 683,425 of Indian corn, 40,541 of sweet potatoes, and 10,664 bales of cotton. There were 1,706 horses, 1,354 mules and asses, 9,399 cattle, 1,986 sheep, and 23,393 swine. Capital, Washington. HEMSKERK, or Heemskerk, Martin van, a Dutch painter, born at the village of Heemskerk in 1498, died in Haarlem, Oct. 1, 1574. He was the son of a mason named Van Veen, who placed him under the instructions of a painter at Haarlem, but afterward employed him in his own trade. Martin ran away, found a teacher in Jan Lucas, a painter of Delft, and then enter- ed the studio of J. Schorel, who had recently returned from Rome. At this time Hemskerk painted his " Saint Luke painting the Virgin and the Child Jesus," which he presented to the painters' society of Haarlem. He afterward spent three years in Italy. When in 1573 Haarlem was surrendered to the Spaniards, Hemskerk's house was destroyed, and his best works were ruined ; consequently his paintings are rare, but there are many engravings of them by himself and others. At his death he left a sum of money to his parish, to furnish a marriage portion for a certain number of young girls each year, on condition of their dancing over his grave on their wedding day. HEMSTERHIIYS. I. Tiberias, a Dutch critic and philologist, born in Groningen, Jan. 9, 1685, died in Leyden, April 7, 1766. He entered the university of Groningen at the age of 14. At 19 he was appointed professor of mathematics and philosophy at Amsterdam, where in 1706 he published his edition of the Onomasticon of Pollux. In 1720 he became professor of Greek at Franeker, and in 1740 of Greek history at Leyden. His works include editions of Lu- cian's "Dialogues" and "Timon" (1708), and of the "Plutus" of Aristophanes (1744), and "Notes and Emendations on Xenophon of Ephesus " (1784). II. Frans, a philosopher, son of the preceding, born in Groningen in 1722, died at the Hague in 1790. He was in the ser- vice of the United Provinces as first assistant to the secretary of state. He was a laborious student, and spent his leisure hours in cultiva- ting belles-lettres and philosophy. His com- plete philosophical works were published at Paris in 1792. HEN. See COOK. HENBANE (hyoscyamw, Tournefort), a some- what rare but highly dangerous weed, belong- ing to the nightshades (solanacece), seen in Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger). waste places and on rubbish heaps, and on the sites of old houses ; remarkable for the singu- lar beauty of its flowers, as well as for its fetid, viscid stems, and clasping, sinuate-toothed, and angled leaves. There are many species of hen- bane, but the one most common in the United States is an adventitious weed from Europe, H. niger. Its seeds are small, flat, kidney-shaped, resembling beans, and suggesting the classic name of hyoscyamus, i. e., swine beans, being, it is said, eaten with impunity by the hog, though avoided by other creatures. Hyoscy- amus is used in medicine in the form of a tinc- ture, extract, and fluid extract. Its action is very similar to that of belladonna and stramo- nium, at first diminishing and then increasing the frequency of the pulse, and producing dry-
