HITTORFF lover seminary, and on Nov. 19, 1845, was >rdained pastor of the first Congregational lurch in Exeter, N. H., which office he held ill 1852, although spending the year 1847-'8 study in Germany. In 1852 he was ap- nnted professor of natural and revealed re- igion in Bowdoin college, and in 1855 of church listory in the union theological seminary, New fork, which office he still holds (1874). Du- ring the civil war he delivered a number of Idresses upon national affairs, taking a very irnest stand in favor of the government. In 1866 he visited Italy and Greece, and in 1869- 70 Egypt, Sinai, and Palestine. After his re- irn he took an active part in the organization the Palestine exploration society, and in L871 was elected its president. In 1869 he ras elected a trustee of Amherst college. He sived the degree of D. D. from Bowdoin lege in 1855, and of LL. D. from Williams lege in 1873. He has published a " Com- pete Analysis of the Bible " (New York, 1869), id numerous orations, addresses, and sermons, le has also contributed many important ar- icles to the religious periodical press, and ras one of the editors of the "American Theo- ical Review " from 1863 to 1870. HITTORFF, Jacques Ignace, a French archi- born in Cologne, Aug. 20, 1793, died in 'aris, March 25, 1867. He worked for a time a mason, but became in 1810 a pupil of the jhool of fine arts in Paris, and in 1818 archi- 3t of the government. He studied in Sicily remains of Greek architecture, and from 1824 was engaged in the construction of im- )rtant public buildings. The church of St. r incent de Paul is generally regarded as his msterpiece. The embellishments in the Champs lysees, the Bois de Boulogne, and other places, were also designed by him. He followed the icient Greek artists in applying colors to most his architectural designs. He was elected 1853 to the academy of fine arts. His wri- tings include Architecture antique de la Sidle (8 vols., Paris, 1826-'30) ; Architecture mo- le la Sidle (3 vols., 1826-'30) ; Archi- yture polychrome chez les Grecs (1831) ; and femoire sur Pompei et Petra (1866). HITZIG, Ferdinand, a German Biblical critic, >rn in Baden, June 23, 1807. He graduated Gottingen in 1829, and in 1833 was called to Zurich as professor of theology, his lectures >mprising the New Testament and the Semi- tic and other oriental languages. He has pub- lished Begriff der Kritik am Alten Testament [1831); Des Propheten Jonas Oralcel uler ~Ioal (1831) ; translations of and commentaries >on Isaiah (1833), the Psalms (1835 et seq.),
- he twelve minor prophets (1838 ; 3d ed., 1863),
Feremiah (1841), Ezekiel (1847), Daniel (1850), id Canticles (1855). Among his other wri- are : Die Erfindung des Alphabets (1840) ; Ueber Johannes Marcus und seine Schriften (1843) ; Urgeschichte und Mythologie der Phi- listaer (1845); Die Gralschrift des Eschmu- nazar (1855); Geschichte des Vollces Israel HOAR 747 (1866 et seq.} ; and Die Inschrift des Mesha (1870). HOADLEY. I. Benjamin, an English prelate, born at Westerham, Nov. 14, 1676, died in Chelsea, April 17, 1761. After leaving Cam- bridge he was lecturer of St. Mildred's and rector of a church in London, and became known by his controversies with Atterbury and the high-church party ; and his " Measure of Obedience," on the doctrine of non-resis- tance, so pleased the commons, that in 1709 they petitioned the queen for his preferment. After the accession of George I. he was made successively bishop of Bangor in 1715, Hereford in 1721, Salisbury in 1723, and Winchester in 1734. In 1717, while bishop of Bangor, he preached his celebrated sermon on the words, " My kingdom is not of this world," asserting the supreme authority of Christ as king in his own kingdom, and that he had not delegated his power, as absent temporal rulers some- times do, to any persons as his vicegerents or deputies. In these positions he was assailed by William Law, and the discussion became so violent in the convocation that the body was prorogued in 1717, and not again permitted to meet for general business. His writings were collected and published by his son John Hoad- ley (3 vols. fol., London, 1773). Akenside has paid a handsome tribute to his memory. II. Benjamin, son of the preceding, born in Lon- don, Feb. 10, 1706, died in Chelsea, Aug. 10, 1757. He entered Cambridge university in 1722, graduated as doctor in medicine in 1729, and then settled in London, where in 1742 he became physician to the royal household, and in 1746 to the household of the prince of Wales, continuing to hold both offices at the same time. He produced in 1747 his comedy of "The Sus- picious Husband," assisted Hogarth in his "Analysis of Beauty," and in 1756 published, in connection with Mr. Wilson, " Observations on a Series of Electrical Experiments." III. John, brother of the preceding, born in Lon- don, Oct. 8, 1711, died March 17, 1776. He was educated at Cambridge, and studied law, but did not practise ; was admitted to orders in 1735, was chaplain to the prince of Wales and the princess dowager, prebendary of Winches- ter, rector of St. Mary's near Southampton and of Overton, and master of St. Cross. He was the author of "Love's Revenge," a pasto- ral (1737); "Jephtha," an oratorio (1737); "Phoabe," a pastoral (1748); and "The Force of Truth," an oratorio (1764). He wrote the fifth act of Miller's "Mahomet," is supposed to have had a share in the composition of his brother's "Suspicious Husband," revised "Lillo's "Arden of Feversham," and edited his father's works. HOANG-HAI. See YELLOW SEA. HOANG-HO. See CHINA, vol. iv., p. 442. HOAR, Ebenezer Rockwood, an American jurist, born at Concord, Mass., Feb. 21, 1816. His father, Samuel Hoar, was sent in 1844 by Massachusetts to South Carolina as a commis-
