HOCHE chiefly do business or are employed in New York, and the local industry is not large. The city, however, contains the extensive works of the American lead pencil company, a large ma- chine shop (manufacturing steam engines, &c.), the Hoboken iron works (foundery products), the machine shops of the Camden and Amboy railroad company, a national bank with a capi- tal of $110,000, a fire insurance company with $100,000 capital, and a savings bank. It is di- vided into four wards, and is governed by a mayor and a common council of 12 members. The streets are paved and lighted with gas. Water is supplied from the Passaic river by the Jersey City water works, but it is proposed to erect separate works and supply the city from the Hackensack. The assessed value of property in 1873 (about 60 per cent, of the true value) was $13,135,400 ; taxation, $270,- 043 23, of which $116,675 23 was for state and county purposes; debt, $380,000; value of property belonging to the city, $500,000. The Stevens battery occupies a block near the river. (See IRON-CLAD SHIPS.) The principal charitable institutions of Hoboken are St. Ma- ry's hospital (Roman Catholic) and the widows' home. The Stevens institute of technology is a large stone building, three stories high with a basement, and the grounds comprise a square immediately N". of Hudson square. It was founded by E. A. Stevens, who bequeathed the site, besides $150,000- for the building and $500,000 as an endowment. It was opened in ! 1871, and in 1873-'4 had 8 professors, 61 stu- | dents, and a library of 5,000 volumes. It has I extensive collections of apparatus in the va- rious departments of physics, in engineering, and in chemistry, and cabinets of minerals, &c. The course is four years. The Stevens high school (preparatory department of the in- stitute) in 1873-'4 had 6 instructors, of whom 2 were professors in the institute, and 36 pu- pils. The Martha institute, an elementary and classical school with a kindergarten depart- ment, occupies a fine brick building, and in 1874 had 8 instructors and 200 pupils. There are three large brick public school houses. .The schools comprise primary and grammar grades, and in 1874 had 27 teachers and about 3,000 pupils. Evening schools are opened in the winter. There are also an academy, a female seminary, a Catholic school, four week- ly newspapers (two German), and 11 churches. Hoboken was settled by the Dutch in the early part of the 17th century, and named from a village on the Scheldt a few miles S. of Antwerp. It became a city in 1855.' HOCHE, Lazare, a French soldier, born at Montreal], a suburb of Versailles, June 25, 1768, died Sept. 18, 1797. He was the son of a poor workman, enlisted in the army at the age of 16, and on the breaking out of the revolution was sergeant in the regiment of gardes fran- paises. Being promoted to the rank of lieuten- ant in 1792, he distinguished himself at the siege of Thionville and in the battle of Neer- 408 VOL. vni. 48 HOCHHEIM 751 winden. After the defection of Dumouriez he was charged with want of patriotism, and ar- rested ; but a plan of a campaign which he was devising being sent to the committee of public safety, Carnot not only liberated him from arrest, but at once promoted him to the rank of brigadier general. He defended Dun- kirk against the duke of York, and received the chief command of the army on the Moselle. He was not successful in his first encounters with the duke of Brunswick, and consequently joined Pichegru, who was at the head of the army on the Rhine ; he now defeated the Aus- trians at Weissenburg, and after taking Ger- mersheim, Spire, and Worms, forced them to evacuate Alsace in 1793. He was suspected by Marat, who caused him to be arrested and brought to Paris ; but on the revolution of the 9th Thermidor he was placed in command of one of the three armies which were to sup- press royalist insurrections, routed the Yende- ans, and in July, 1795, defeated the royalists, who had landed on the peninsula of Quibe- ron, with the assistance of an English squad- ron. The committee of public Wety then gave him the entire control of the troops along the Atlantic coast. He now forced or per- suaded the Vendeans into submission, pursued their chiefs with unrelenting activity, took Cha- rette and Stofflet prisoners, and pat an end to the civil war. On Dec. 16, 1796, he sailed from Brest with a fleet carrying 18,000 soldiers, to invade Ireland ; but stormy weather scat- tered his ships. On his return he received the command of the army of the Sambre and Meuse, and made preparations for a great cam- paign. He crossed the Rhine April 18, 1797, defeated the Austrians in three battles, and reached Wetzlar before learning of the armis- tice of Leoben. He now resumed his plans for the invasion of Ireland, and meanwhile aided the revolution of the 18th Fructidor with a part of his troops and with 30,000 francs be- longing to his wife ; and upon its success the army lately under Moreau was added to his own. With these united forces, which as- sumed the name of the " army of Germany," he might have accomplished his vast schemes, but he died suddenly. A post-mortem exami- nation showed that he had been poisoned, but by whom or for what object has never been ascertained. His death was celebrated by a great funeral solemnity in the Champ de Mars, and a statue of him was erected on the spot where he crossed the Rhine. His name was given to a square in Versailles, which contains a bronze statue of him erected in 1832. A life of Hoche, edited from original documents by Du Chatellier, was published at Paris in 1872. HOCHEL4GA, a county of Quebec, Canada, occupying the E. portion of Montreal island ; area, 76 sq. m. ; pop. in 1871, 25,640, of whom 20 224 were of French origin or descent. The surface is level, and the soil fertile and well cultivated. Capital, Longue Pointe. HOCHHEIM. See GERMANY, WINKS o*.
