WABASH EIVEE ~ABASII ItlYKIi. See INDIANA, vol. ix., p. 233. WABAUNSEE, a N. E. county of Kansas, bounded N. by the Kansas river, and drained by several streams ; area, 804 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 3,362; in 1875, 4,649. The surface is undulating and the soil productive. The chief productions in 1870 were 63,451 bushels of wheat, 220,365 of Indian corn, 38,243 of oats, 35,669 of potatoes, 69,685 Ibs. of butter, and 11,640 tons of hay. There were 1,983 horses, 2,692 milch cows, 3,878 other cattle, 862 sheep, and 1,466 swine. Capital, Alma. WACE, Master Robert, an Anglo-Norman poet, born in Jersey about 1110, died probably in England about 1184. His name is variously written. He resided at Caen, and is supposed to have been a favorite chaplain of Henry II. In 1161 he was a canon of the cathedral church at Bayeux. His authentic works comprise Le roman de Rou (Rollo) et des dues de Norman- die, a poem Written about 1170, partly in Alex- andrine and partly in octosyllabic verse, and remarkable as a monument of the language and as a picturesque record of memorable events, including the Norman conquest of Eng- land ; Le roman de Brut (1155), a paraphrastic version of Geoffrey of Monmouth's "British History;" Le chronique ascendante des dues de Normandie ; and some shorter poems. A criti- cal edition of the Roman de Rou, with notes by F. Pluquet, was published in Eouen in 1827 - (2 vols. 8vo) ; and more recently has been pub- lished " The Conquest of England, from Wace's Poem," translated by Sir Alexander Malet (4to, London,- 1860), including the text illustrated by photographs from the Bayeux tapestry. WADAT, or Wadai, a kingdom of central Af- rica, in Soodan, between lat. 8 and 17 N., and Ion. 16 and 22 30' E., bounded N. by the Sahara, E. by Darf oor, S. by Dar Banda, and W. by Baghirmi and Bornoo ; length from N. to S. about 600 m., breadth from E. to "W. about 400 m. ; pop. estimated at 2,500,000. The na- tives generally call it Dar-Saleyh, and in Dar- f oor, Kordofan, and Bornoo it is called Borgoo. Its surface is generally level, and from 1,000 to 1,500 ft. above the sea, with a westward slope from a mountain range near the frontier of Darfoor. The country is also mountainous in the southwest, adjoining Baghirmi, and there are many isolated groups of hills. In the north are extensive desert tracts, but the south is better watered and more fertile. The king- dom comprises numerous tribes of negroes and Arabs, and is governed by a sultan who re- sides at Abeshr, and under whom there are seven provincial governors. Although Waday is mainly a pastoral country, rich in horses and flocks, it has a considerable commerce, which is subject to a large tax. The principal arti- cles of trade are salt, copper, fine cloths, har- nesses, coats of mail, beads, calico, paper, nee- dles, ivory (mainly from Dar Eunga, a vassal state which forms the S. E. corner of the sul- tan's dominions), and tobacco. It appears that 823 VOL. xvi. 27 WADDINGTON 415 the large bargains are usually made in cattle, and the smaller in strips of cotton cloth. There are few manufactures, and these generally of the rudest kind ; but the people are said to be skilful workers in iron. The army consists of 46,000-troops, of whom 6,000 are cavalry. The country has long been subject to civil war. The religion is Mohammedanism. It is as- serted that the foundation of what is now the kingdom of Waday was laid by Abd-el-Kerim as long ago as 1020. He established his seat in a mountainous district near the town of Wara. This town was long the 'capital, but was destroyed prior to Nachtigal's visit to the country in 1873, and he found the seat of gov- ernment at Abeshr. The kingdom, according to the accepted accounts, has thus existed for more than 800 years, with a regular succession of sovereigns. Waday has been seldom and slightly explored by Europeans. The German traveller Vogel was killed there in 1856, but in 1873-'4 Nachtigal traversed the country from the vicinity of Lake Tchad to Darfoor, and our knowledge of it is principally derived from him. WADDING, Luke, an Irish scholar, born in Wa- terford, Oct. 16, 1588, died in Eome, Nov. 18, 1657. He studied for six months at the Jes- uit seminary of Lisbon, joined the Franciscans in 1605, and completed his education in Portu- gal. After taking orders he was sent to teach theology at Salamanca; and in 1618 he accom- panied Antonio a Trejo, bishop of Cartagena, who went to Eome as ambassador to settle the controversy relating to the immaculate concep- tion. He wrote the history of the embassy in a folio volume. From 1630 to 1634 he was pro- curator of the Franciscans at Eome, and from 1645 to 1648 vice commissary of his order. He founded in 1625 the college of St. Isidore for the education of Irish Franciscans. He was one of the councillors appointed in the case of Jansenius, whose doctrines he favored, but he retracted his. opinion as soon as they were condemned by the papal bull. His most important work is his history of the order of Franciscans, entitled Annales Ordinis Minorum (8 vols. fol., Lyons and Eome, 1647-'54). He also edited a collection of the writings of Duns Scotus (12 vols. fol., Lyons, 1639), and wrote a bibliographical history of the Franciscans, Scriptores Ordinis Minorum. WADDINGTOIV, William Henry, a French ar- chaeologist, born in Paris, of English Protes- tant parents, in 1826. He graduated at Cam- bridge in 1849, and followed his father, a rich manufacturer, to France, where he was natu- ralized. He became known by his archaeologi- cal* explorations in Asia Minor, in 1865 was elected to the academy of inscriptions and to the legislative body, and in 1871 to the national assembly, and again in 1876, when he became minister of public instruction and fine arts, which former office he had held under Thiers from May 19 till May 24, 1873. His first wife died in 1852; in 1875 he married Miss King of New York. His works include Voyage en
