MARSHALL
MARSHALL
Indian war he was commissioned lieutenant in a
Virginia company and joined the exi>edition to
Fort Duquesne under General Braddock. He
was detailed for garrison duty at Fort Necessity
and consequently was not present at Braddock's
defeat. He was agent of Lord Fairfax, and super-
inteniled a portion of the Fairfax estate in the
Northern Neck in 1754. He was married in 1754
to Mary Randolph, daughter of the Rev. James
and Mary Ishani (Randolph) Keith of Fauquier
county, Va. He removed to an estate of 350
acres purchased from the Lees on Goose Creek
in 1765. Ho also became owner of "Three Oaks,"
an estate in Leeds parish, Fauquier county, in
1765 ; was high sheriff of the county in 1767, and
a nlember of the house of burgesses. He was
a member of the convention that declared the
independence of Virginia, and in 1775 he recruited
the Ciilpeper minute men and was commissioned
major of Colonel Woodford's regiment, distin-
guishing himself at the battle of Great Bridge,
the first engagement on Virginia soil. He was
promoted colonel of the 3d Virginia regiment,
and at the battle of Brandy wine he maintained
his position in the wood on the riglit until his
ammunition was exhausted, his horse shot
under him and half his oflflcers and one third of
his command were killed or wounded. On re-
turning to his division he found it had already
retreated and that Generals Woodford and
Lafayette had both been wounded. For his
gallantry and good conduct in " saving the Pa-
triot army from destruction," the house of bur-
gesses voted him a sword. At the battle of Ger-
mantown his regiment covered the retreat of the
Continental army, and when General Mercer
was killed he succeeded to the command. He
was with Washington at Valley Forge and after
joining the Army of the South in 1779, he sur-
rendered with General Lincoln at Charleston,
S.C., in 1780. He made a trip to Kentucky over
the mountains on horseback during his parole,
and located Iiis future estate, " Buckpond," near
Versailles. Uix)n his exchange he rejoined his
command and held it until the close of the war.
In 1780 he was appointed surveyor-general of
lands in the county of Kentucky, and when, Nov.
1, 1781, it was divided into Fayette, Lincoln and
Jefferson counties he became surveyor of Fayette.
In 1785 he returned to Virginia for his family
and they settled at "Buckpond," where they
resided until 1800, when he removed to the house
of his son Thomas in Mason county. He was a
a representative from Fayette county in the Vir-
ginia legislature in 1787-88 ; was a delegate to
the convention held at Danville, Ky., in 1787,
and was appointed by President Washington
collector of revenue for Kentucky. He died at
- • Federal Hill," Washington, Ky., June 23, 1802.
VII - 18
MARSHALL, Thomas, soldier, was born in
Mason county, Ky., April 13, 1793; son of Capt.
Thomas and Frances Maitland (Kennan) Mar-
sliall, and grandson of Gen. Thomas and Mary
Randolph (Keith) Marshall. He received a clas-
sical education and began the study of law. In
April, 1812, on account of an insult offered his
father, he fought a duel with Charles S. Mitchell
on the banks of the Ohio above Maysville in
which he was severely wounded. He was a
second lieutenant in the war of 1812. He was
married about 1819 to Catherine Taylor of Vir-
ginia, who died in Kentucky in 1820, and
secondly, in Wa.shington, D.C., Nov. 6, 1821, to
Juliana Winchester Whetcroft of Annapolis, Md.
He became the owner of 3000 acres of land in
Lewis county, Ky., where he lived, 1819-53. He
was a representative in the state legislature in
1817, 1828 and from 1839 to 1844, and served for
one session as speaker. He was commissioned
by President Polk brigadier-general of volun
teers at the outbreak of the war with Mexico.
He xjommanded a brigade of Kentucky, volun-
teers under Gen. John E. Wool and on account
of a disagreement with that officer he was left
at Rineonada Pass with only part of his brigade.
Receiving orders to march to Buena Vista his
brigade cut their way through the forces of
General Minon, and his arrival discouraged the
Mexicans who capitulated before his men could
take part in the action. He was with Gen.
W infield Scott in the march to Mexico city and
during the last six months of the war he was
military governor of Mexico. In conjunction
with General Worth he preferred charges against
General Scott which led to a court of inquiry.
Soon after his return to Kentucky at the close
of the war, his wife left him, and he was shot
and killed by one of his tenants. He died on his
plantation in Lewis county. Ky., March 28, 1853.
MARSHALL, Thomas Alexander, jurist, was born in Woodford county. Ky.. Jan. 15. 1794 ; son of Senator Humphrey and Mary (Marshall) Mar- shall. He was graduated from Yale in 1815, was admitted to the bar and practised in Frankfort, Ky. He was married Nov. 26. 1816, to Eliza Price, granddaughter of Col. Thomas Hart and a niece of Henry Clay. He removed to Paris, Ky., in 1819 ; was a representative in the state legisla- ture, 1837-28 ; a Whig representative in the 22d and 23d congresses, 1831-35 ; judge of the c^urt of appeals, 1835-36 : profes.sor of law in Pennsylvania university, 1836-49 ; a representa- tive in the state legislature, 1863-65, and chief justice of the court of appeals, 1866-67. The honorary degree of LL.D. was conferred on him by Yale in 1866. He is the author of Kentucky Reports (24 vols.). He retired from the bench in 1807 and died in Louisville, Ky., April 17, 1871.
