with frankness they have nothing in their sacred books that cannot be found as forcibly expressed in the sacred books of other nations, and often even, in the opinion of impartial travellers, one has seen it much better practised. For example, the beautiful maxim touching upon the pardon of offences[1] is found complete in the Zend-Avesta. It is written: "O God! greater than all that which is great! if a man provoke you by his thoughts, by his speech, or by his actions, if he humbles himself before you, pardon him; even so, if a man provoke me by his thoughts by his speech or by his actions may I pardon him."[2] One finds in the same book, the precept on charity, such as is practised among the Mussulmans, and that of agriculture placed in the rank of virtues, as among the Chinese. "The King whom you love, what desire you that he shall do, Ormuzd? Do you desire that, like unto you, he shall nourish the poor?"[3] "The purest point of the law is to sow the land. He who sows the grain and does it with purity is as great before me as he who celebrates ten thousand adorations. . . ."[4] "Render the earth fertile, cover it with flowers and with fruits; multiply the springs in the places where there is no grass."ə This same maxim of the pardon of offences and those which decree to return good for evil, and to do unto others what we would that they should do unto us, is found in many of the Oriental writings. One reads in the distichs of Hafiz this beautiful passage:
Learn of the sea-shell to love thine enemy, and to fill with
pearls the hand thrust out to harm thee. Be not less generous
than the hard rock; make resplendent with precious stones, the
arm which rends thy side. Mark thou yonder tree assailed by
a shower of stones; upon those who throw them it lets fall only
delicious fruits or perfumed flowers. The voice of all nature
calls aloud to us: shall man be the only one refusing to heal the
