DELCASSE. 91 DELESCLUZE. ress in the foreign possessions of France have been most valu;il)k-. DEL CBED'ERE (It., upon faith or credit, from 1-al. rmhrr. to believe). A phrase of the law merchant, which has been adopt oil into the commercial codes of Europe as well as into the coninion-law sy.stem of England and America. A del creilrrc a^ent is one who. in consideration of an additional compensation, undertakes to be- come personally responsible to his principal for the pa ncnts and other obligations which accrue to him as the result of his dealinss. His under- taking is in the nature of a continuing guarantee that ills principal shall sutt'er no loss through the default of those to whom he lias extended credit on the principal's account. The class of agents known as factors are coninionly employed on this basis. The agent is said to be acting under a del credere commission or authority. See F.CTOR: Princip.l a>d Agent. DELEB PALM. See P.LMrRA PALsr. DELECLTJZE, de-la'kluz', Etiex.n'E Jeajj (1781-18ii-2 1. A Fiench art critic and painter, born in Paris. He studied in the atelier of David. and obtained a gold medal in 1808. but after 1810 devoted himself to literature. In paintini;. as in literature, he was an extreme advocate of the clas- sical school. He was a frequent contributor to the Revue Fraiifaise, the Revue den Deux Mondes, and other periodicals. His most important literary works are: Precis d'un traite de la pein- ture (1828): Louis David, son ceole el son temps (1855) : and Souvenirs de soixante annecs (1802). Among his romances are Mademoiselle Justine de Liron (1832) and others, collected as Romans, contes et nouvelles (1843). DELECTABLE MOUNTAINS, The. The pastures of the chosen.' in Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, which overlook the Celestial City. DELEGATE, Apostolic. See Legate. DELEGATES, CoiiiT of. The old English court of appeal in ecclesiastical and maritime causes. Before the time of Henry VIII. the practice had gradually become established of taking ecclesiastical causes on appeal to the court of Rome. By 24 Hen. VIII. c. 12. this prac- tice was aliolished. and appeals were directed to be heard by the archbishops of the several provinces. By 2.5 Hen. VIII. c. 19. it was di- rected that appeals should finally be referred to the King in council, and his Majesty was by the same statute empowered to issue a commission under the great seal to hear the appeals. The court thus established was called the court of delegates. It consisted, in ordinary causes, of a puisne judge from each of the common-law courts, and three or more doctors of the civil law. .After sentence hail been pronounced liv the court of delegates, it was competent for tlic King to grant a commission of review; but this power was rarely exercised, except upon the groimd of error in fact or in law. By 2 and 3 Will. IV. c. i)2, the court of delegates was abolished, and its jurisdiction was transferred to the King in council. And by 3 and 4 Will. IV. c. 41, and and 7 Viet. c. 38. flie sovereign is empowered to refer all appeals from ecclesiastical or other courts to the judicial committee of the privy council. See Admiralty Law; Ecclesiastical COCRT.S. Vol VI -7 DELEGATION (Fr. deUgation. Lat. delega- liu, from (/(, away, from. + legare. to send with a commission). The term formerly applied in Lonibardy, Venetia, and the Papal States, both to the governing court o^ a province and to the province itself. There were nine delegations in l^omliardy and eight in 'enetia, each of which was presided over by a delegate, a vice-delegate, and various subordinates. In the States of the Church there were seventeen delegations orig- inally established, but this number was not strictlj' adhered to. The delegate was always a prelate, and directly ajipointed by the Pope. If he was a cardinal, he was called a legate, and his province a legation. In Austria-Hun- gary the Austrian and Hungarian delegations constitute the deliberative assembly for the dual monarchy. See Austria-Huxgary. DE LE'ON, Edwin (1828-91). An American journalist, diplomatist, and author, born in Columbia, S. C. After eight years of editorial work (1854-02), chieflj- in Washington, he be- came diplomatic agent in Europe, during the Civil War, and afterwards consul-general of the United States at Cairo. He wrote Thirty Years of Mg Life on Three Continents : The Khedive's Egypt ; Askaros Kassis. the Copt : and Under the Star and Under the Crescent. He died in Xew York. His younger brother, Thomas Cooper De Leox (1839* — ), also born in Columbia, is the author of many novels, among them Creole and Puritan ( 1889) . of parodies, including T/ie Rock or the Rye? (1887), a travesty on Amelie Kives's The Quick or the Dead?, and of a volume of historical reminiscences. Four Years in Rebel Capitals (1893). DELEPIERRE, del'pe-ar'. .Joseph Oct.vb (1802-79). A Belgian author. He was' born in Bruges, and studied in C4hent. In 1849 he was appointed Belgian consul to London and filled that position until 1877. Besides editions of older works, such as Aventures de Tiel Ulen- spiegel (2d ed. 1840) and llacaroneana (1852), he published the following scholarly and original productiims: Histoire litteraire des fous (1800) : La parodie (1871) ; Tableau de la litterature de centon (2 vols.. 1875) ; and L'enfer: Essai philusfiphiijue ct historiqur (1877). DELESCLUZE, de-la'kluz', Lotns Charles (1809-71). A French politician and agitator, who took a prominent part in revolutionary con- spiracies in the time of Louis Philippe, of the I'epiihlic of 1848. of the Second Empire, and the Third Republic. He was many times imprisoned, and in 1857 was depcnled to Cayenne, whence he returned in 1859 under the amnesty. In 1S08 he started the Reveil, a. most radical paper, advo- cating the ideas of the International. After the collap.se of the Empire he organized the revolt against the Government of National Defense, and for this was arrested, but was soon released. Elected to the National Assembly, he resigned from that body on being chosen a member of the Commune, of which he was a conspicuously des- perate and reckless leader during the siege of Paris. Seeing the collapse of the Commune, he sought and found death on the last barricade held by the revolutionists in the Rue d'-Xngoulennv His sufferings while a prisoner he has described in Dc Paris d Cayenne, journal d'un transporte (1809).
