DRACONTITJS. 424 "DEAGOMANOFF. ter half of the tifth century. Tliou^'li liis style is often tipoiled by rhetorical exa;:>reration, his verses are framed on classical models and are of considerable merit. His e.xtant works are two epitiialamia : a collection of short c|)ics on sub- jects taken from mythology; a Christian didac- tic poem in three books, entitled Or Luudihiis JJei, or Hrxaiiiicroti, containinj; an account of the story of the creation; an elegiac poem. Satis- liirtio. in which he apologizes to the Vandal King. Gunthamund (a.d. 484-9C), for having jiraised one of his enemies; and several dis- tichs, Oc Oriijinr Rosarnm and Dr Mciisibiis. Owing to resemblance in style and metre, the Ortstis Tra!i(Tdia. formerly attributed to Horace or Lucan. is now generally ascribed to Dra- contius. Consult the editions of Dracontius by Arevalo (Rome, 1701), and by F. de Dulin in the Carminn tiiiora (Leipzig, 187.'!). The Oreslis Trai/frdia has been edited by Miihly (Leipzig. IStlt;). and by Schenkl (Prague, 1807). Consult, also. Rossberg, De Dracoiith (Gottin- gcn. 1880). BRAESEKE, drft'se-ke, Fei.ix Augist Berx- liARi) (1835 — ). A German composer, born in Coburg. He studied at the Leipzig Conservatory under Rietz. and became a friend and pupil of Liszt at Weimar. He taught in the Lausanne Conservatory. the Royal Music School at .Munich, and in 1884 became a teacher in the Dresden Conservatory. .Mthough at first an extreme follower of Wagner, his later works are more moderate and have met with the success due them. His compositions include four operas— .S'i.gwrrf (1867); fludrun (1884): Ber- Iriind de Born (not yet performed); Herrat ( 1802 ) ; also symphonies, quartets, a Rrtjuieni, etc. DRAFT (variant of draught, from .f>. dragan, led. drnna. (iolh. draiiaii, to draw. OHG. tragan, Ger. tragen. to carry). A popular synonym of bill of exchange, or of a clieck drawn by one bank on another. It is also less commonly ap- ])lied to a non-negotiable order for the payment of money. Sometimes this form of draft is in- tended to operate as a written authority to the payee to collect the amount of the order from the drawee for the benefit of the drawer; at other times, as a voucher or warrant for pay- ment by a disbursing officer. Sec Biix OF Ex- ciiANOE: Check; Xegotiaui.e Instriment. DRAFT RIOTS IN NEW YORK. . bloody disturbance which took |dace on .Tuly 1.3-16, 18ti;{. The i)ressing need for more sdldiers had compelled Congress to pass a Conscription .'ct (March ."?. 1803). authorizing the President to recruit the army whenever necessary by a draft from "all able-bodied male citiz.ens" be- tween the ages of twenty and forty-five years. Any num. however, might, after Iwing drafted, procure exemption from service by the payment of $.'?nn. The act was vigorously assailed as un- constitutional by the opponents of the Admin- istration, who also asserted that the exemption clause was a flimsy deviie for enabling the rii'li to evade service. -Among those who adopted and proclaimed such views was Governor Sey- mour, of New York State, who seems also to have represented the attitude of many promi- nent men in New York City. On Saturday, .Tuly II. the draft licgan. without opposition, in New York at one of the enrollment offices in the ttrongly Democratic Ninth District. On Sun- day some drafted workuigmcn, aided by a num- ber of political agitjitors, fomented the discon- tent of the populace, and organized an opposition to enrollment. The draft was renewed at 10 A.M. on Monday, but the assistant provost-marshal's ollice was soon attacked, demolished, and burned by a furious mob. which, after overcoming a squad of police sent against it, roamed about the city, and, frenzied by excitement and drink, committed numberless otitrages. The rioters, l>rejudiced against the negro and feeling that the draft had been occasioned by an 'abo- lition war,' everywhere pursued the blacks with unrelenting rancor, and brutally assaulted, tortured, and killed many that fell into their hands. The Colored Orphan .sylum was at- tacked, sacked, and burned, and the offices of the New York Tritiuiic. one of the papers which had upheld the Administration, narrowly escaped destruction. On Tuesday the mobs, in- creased in number, continued to pillage, sack, burn, and kill, though in many districts they were sharply repulsed and partially dispersed by the police and militia. On Wednesday, the 1.5th, the assistant provostmarslial-general an- nounced that tlic draft woulil 1k' temporarily sus- pended, and militia regiments, arriving from Pennsylvania, rendered efficient service against the mobs. Large militia reinforcements arrived on the following day, and, though isolated bodies of rioters still defied the law, order was soon restored throughout the city. Before Fri- day morning the uprising had been thoroughly suppressed. It is estimated that during these four days more than 1000 men had been killed, and property valued at over $1,500,000 had been destroyed. On August 19th the draft was resumed, and it was completed, without further resistance, with- in ten days. Consult : the Official Records, vol. xxvii., part ii. (Washington. 1880) ; Fry. ficw York and the Conscription of IfitiS (New York, 1885) ; Barnes, The Draft Riots i,i Seic York (New York, 1863); Nicolav and Hav, hivcoln. vol. vii. (New York. 1800). and Greeley. The .iiiierican Conflict, vol. ii. (Hartford. ISfiti). DRAGHI, drii'g.-, -Antonio (1635-1700). An Italian ((iuiposer. born in Fcrrara. In 1674 he was appointed intendant of the Court theatres of Vienna by Emperor Leopold L. and also held the post of kapellmeister to the Empress. During an activity of nearly forty-five years as a com- poser, he prodiU'cd about 17.') operas, more than thirty oratorios, and various other compositions, .■ iong the librettos written by him was one set to iiiu-ii- l>v the Em)ieror Leopold. DRAG HUNT. Sw Hi ntino. DRAG'OMAN ( Fr. dragoman, drogman, OF. drtignrinan. drogf man. drugucmcnt. from Ar. tar^ jiiman. interjireter. from tnrjania. Aram, targcm, to interpret). . name given in the Fast, espe- cially in Turkey, to interpYeters. and hem-e to the professional guides who acc'ompany travel- ers and make all necessary arrangements for their iourney, as a courier (q.v.) does in west- ern Kurope. The dragomans attached to the em- bassies in C'onstantinople are more or less impor- tant official iM'Tsonages. DRAGOMANOFF, dril'gA mil'nAf. MiKnAlt, Pi.iiKiviTcll (1S41 !t5). A Russian scholar and litt^Tateur. He was born at lladynKeh. in the Government of Poltava. In 1865 he was ap-
