GUDRUN. 340 GUELPHS AND GHIBELLINES. delicate humor, though not the effeminate sen- timentality of some other epics in this cycle. The time of tlie Gudrun saga is evidently that of the Danish raids on the English and Irish coasts. The subject is as old as the stories of Europa ami Helen, but it was essentially a story of the seaside. Hence, though it was the more artistic, it appealed less to popular taste, and was not like the yibcliingenlicd subjected to popular re- vision and extension. It had its origin, like the other, in epic songs, but it had an original poet for its author, and shows a constructive develop- ment by conscious plan. Thus it stands between the true popular epic and the studied epic of the •Court. The best modern edition of the Guclrini is by Jfartin (Halle. 1902). There are transla- tions into modern German by Simroek (1843); Klee (1878) ; Weitbrecht (1884, a paraphrase) ; L. Freytag (1888); Lemmermayer (1890); and Legerlotz (1900). Consult Wilmanns, Die Ent- icickchoig dcr KiKlrumlichtung (Halle, 1873). GTJEBEIIS, ge'berz or ga'berz. See Guebebs. GT7EBRIANT, ga'bre'aN', Jean Baptiste HuDES, Count de (lti02-43). A French marshal, horn at Plessis-Budes, in Brittany. He fought first in Holland, then held a command in the French troops that formed a portion of the •German army in the campaign in the Lower Palatinate, and conducted the passage of the Khine (1G39). After the death of Duke Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar, its leader (1639). the army fought under the French banners with Guebriant in command. He defeated the Imperial troops at Wolfenbiittel (1041). and at Kempen (1642), whore he was made marshal. At the siege of Ivottweil, in Swabia, he was mortally wounded and died in the surrendered city (1643). GUEBWILLER, gab've'lar'. A town in Upper Alsace, Germany. See Geisweiler. GUELDER, gel'der, or GUELDRES ROSE (from Gelderhuid, (Icldcrcn, a Dutch province where this rose was supposed to have originated) . A cultivated variety of the high-bush cranberry ( ^'ihurnu)n Opiilus — see ViBURKUM) ,in which the flowers are all barren, and instead of forming flat cymes, as in the wild plant, form much larger globose corymbs. It is sometimes called the snowball tree. When abounding in flowers, it is a very ornamental shrub, and is therefore very often planted. GXJELL Y RENTE> goo-al'y'l ran-ta', Juan (1815-75). A Cuban author, born and educated in Havana. When twenty years old he went to Spain and enlisted in the army, where he served for a number of years. When he returned to Cuba he was for several terms sent as a repre- sentative of the island in the Spanish Cortes. He published a volume of poems, Hojas del alma (1844); ntimos cantos (1859): and Noches de estio (1861).— His brother .Jo.s£ (1818-84) was born in Havana, and was sent to Barcelona to be educated. After several years spent in practicing law in Cuba, he returned to Spain in 1848, and married Dona Jo.sefa Fernanda, the sister of the King consort, in spite of royal op- position. This resulted in his banishment, and for several years he lived in Paris, where he was active in the liberal and republican conspiracies in connection with Spain. He published Amar- finrax del cora:nn (1843) : Laqrimas del corasdn (1846) ; and Leyendas americanas (1856), all poetry in Spanish, several novels in French, and an historical work, Philippe 11. et Don Varlos drvant I'hisloire (1878). GUELPH, g^velf. The chief city of Welling- ton County, Ontario, Can., on the river Speed and the Grand Trunk and the Canadian Pacific railways, 48 miles west of Toronto (llap: On- tario, C 4). It is an inland port of entry, the seat of a United States consul ; has abundant water- po^^•er, and a large number of piano, organ, .sewing-machine, agricultural implements, carriage, and other factories. It is a stock-raising centre, and is the seat of the 'Canadian Cirencester,' the Ontario Agricultural College, and its experi- mental farm. Guelph was founded by John Gait, the Scotch author (q.v. ). Population, in 1891, 10,537; in 1901, 11,496. GUELPH FUND. The name given to the sum granted by the Prussian Government, in 1867, to the deposed King of Hanover, George V., but withdrawn in 1868, on the latter's continued refusal to renounce his right to the throne. It amounted to about .$12,000,000, and the income of it was kept by Prussia till 1871), when part of it was given to the widow and daughters of the King. The Duke of Cumberland, son of George V., acquired the entire income in 1892, en renoimcing explicitly any intention of intrigu- ing against Prussia. While Prussia administered the fund the income was said to have been used in combating the Guelph intrigues : and the sus- picion that Bismarck employed it for corrupt purposes, such as bribing the press, won for it the nickname of the 'Reptile Fund.' GUELPHIC (gwel'fik) ORDER. An order of knighthood for Hanover, instituted by George IV., when prince regent, on August 12, 1815. It became extinct in 1866. It was both a military and civil order, unlimited in membership, com- prising fiveclasses, Grand Cross, Commanderof the first and of the second class, knight, and simple member. The grand mastership was vested in the Crown of Hanover. The badge of the order was an eight-pointed cross of gold, with lions be- tween the arms and surmounted by a crown; in the centre was the white horse of Hanover sur- rounded by a blue circle, and the motto. Nee Aspcra Tcrrcnt. GUELPHS, gvelfs, AND GHIBELLINES, gib'e-linz. The names of two great political parties, whose contentions and wars distracted Northern and Central Italy in the latter part of the Middle Ages. The designation Guelph ( Ital. (jurlfo, pi. Ouelfi) is commonly supposed to be derived from Welf, the name of a princely family of Germany, which rose to great power in the twelfth century, when it was the rival of the House of Hohenstaufen. which occupied the Imperial throne. The most famous of the rulers of the House of Guelph was Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, who defied the power of the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. and who was finally deprived of most of his pos- sessions in 1180-81. The origin of the designa- tion Ghibelline (Ital. Ghihellino) is altogether uncertain. A theory which has been widely ac- cepted, but which rests on an insufficient basis, is that it became current as a modification of Waiblinger ('men of Waiblinger.' one of the possessions of the Hohenstaufen in South Ger- many), the name, used as a battle-cry, under
