GOOD TEMPLAES. 36 GOODWIN. of temperance training and study covering a period of tliree years, to inculcate in members tlie principles of the temperance-reform move- ment. The organization at present comprises 100 grand lodges, aggregating 570.126 members, in- cluding 17-,839 in the Juvenile Branch, dis- tributed through the United States, Great Brit- ain, Germany, Denmark, Sweden. Norway, etc. ^Members are obliged to pledge "that they -will never buy, sell, use, furnish, nor cause to be furnished to others as a beverage, any spirituous or malt liquors, wine, or cider, and will discoun- tenance the manufacture and sale thereof in all proper ways." GOOD-WILL. The favorable disposition or inclination of persons to extend their patronage to a particular business, on account of the repu- tation it has established. It is something more than the probability that old customers will re- sort to the old place. It includes every advantage or benefit accruing to a business establishment from its locality, name, or common reputation, from its business habits, connections, and stand- ing, or from any other matter which identifies and distinguishes it from other establishments. The good-will of a business is property as much the subject of valuation and transfer as any tangible chattel. It is an asset of a business, and may be taken into account in deciding whether a business establishment is solvent or involvent. In a litigated case in England the good-will of a partnership was valued at $100,000. The New York Court of Appeals has decided that the good-will of a corporation organized under the laws of another State, but having its place of business in New York, is taxable in New York as property employed there by the corporation. Upon the dissolution of a partnership, as in case of death of a partner, good-will must be converted into cash and its proceeds distributed, precisely as though it were tangible property. Upon a sale of the entire partnership business and assets, the purchaser becomes entitled to the good-will. This includes the sole right to hold himself out as the successor of the firm. In Eng- land and in some of our States, he acquires the right to use the old firm name, subject only to the qualification that he must not hold out the former partners as doing business under the old name. In other States, the right to use the old name does not pass with a sale of the good-will: it can be acquired only by express agreement therefor. The extent to which the seller of the good-will of a business can compete with the buyer is a subject upon which the authorities are at vari- ance. The tendency of modern decisions in Eng- land is to limit the seller more narrowly than the courts have felt disposed to do in this coim- try. Tlie English courts say that "it is not right to profess and to purport to sell that which you do not mean the purchaser to have ; it is not an honest thing to pocket the price and then to recaptiire (he subject of sale, to decoy away or call it back before the purchaser has time to at- tach it to himself and make it his own." Ac- cordingly Ihey hold that the seller of a good-WlI must not in an.v way solicit patronage from the customers of the old business, nor in any way represent himself as succeeding to such business. In the absence of a contract to the contrary, how- ever, he may engage in the same line of business in the same locality, and in his own name, al- though that name may be a part of the old busi- ness name. In most of our States, if the purchaser of a good-will would cut the seller ofT from solic- iting old customers or otherwise competing with him, he must secure from the seller a contract surrendering those rights. (Cf. Restr.i>'T of Tk.L)E, CoNTR.eTS IN.) Consult: Pollock, Digest of Partucrship. § 39 (London, 7th ed., 1900); Burdick, Partnership (Boston, 1899). GOOD'WIN, Arthur (I593-1G43). An Eng- lish soldier, prjuminent during the Civil War in England. He studied at Magdalen College, Ox- ford, with his lifelong friend. John Hampden, and with the latter contributed Latin verses to the college collection. Luctus Posthumus, pub- lished on the death of Henry, Prince of Wales. In 1G14 he took his degree of B.A., and became a member of the Inner Temple. He sat often in Parliament, and on the outbreak of the Civil War was apjxiinted colonel of a regiment of cav- alry which was of great assistance to the Parlia- mentary party. In 1C4'2, aided by Hampden and Lord Brooke, he defeated the Earl of Northamp- ton at Coventry, in ^'anviekshire, and with the aid of Colonel Hurry drove Lord Digby from Wantage. In .lanuary, lfi43, Goodwin was ap- pointed commander-in-chief of the forces of Buckinghamshire, was defeated in an attack on Brill, and took an active part in the siege of Reading. GOODWIN, John (c.1594-1665). An eminent Puritan divine. He was bom in the county of Norfolk about 1594, graduated at Queen's Col- lege. Cambridge, and obtained a fellowship there in 1017. Having married, he gave up his fellow- ship and took orders, officiating in various places in the county with much acceptance. In 1632 he removed to London, and in 1633 succeeded John Davenport (q.v.) at Saint Stephens. In 1635 he was admonished for leanings toward inde- pendency. In 1039 he occasioned dissatisfaction by insisting on the need of a learned ministry. In 1642 he published Anti-Caratierisme, in sup- port of the Parliamentary cause, which received further commendation in ilifflit and Right Well Met (1648). In 1643 he assailed the theorj' of the divine right of kings in his Os Ossorianum : or, A Bone for a Bislioj), and in 1644 denounced the Presbj'terians as a persecuting party in Beoiiax'"-; or. The Grnnd Imprudrnce of Fighting Against God. In 1645 he was ejected from his living for refusing to administer the sacrament to all indiscriminately, and formed an independ- ent church, which was largely attended. At the Restoration he was one of eighteen incapacitated from holding any public trust. He died in 1665. Many of his publications, though all in English, have Greek or Latin titles. He has been a favor- ite with Methodists, and been called the 'Wiclif of Methodism.' .John Wesley abridged his Trrn- tisr of Justification (London. 1042). Samuel Dunn, a Wesleyan minister, edited his Christian Thcologg (London. 1S36), from Goodwin's works, and wrote his life. The standard life of Good- win is by Thomas Jackson, another Wesleyan minister (London, 1872). GOODWIN, Nathaniel Cari, (1857—). ' An American comedian. He was born in Boston, and after a brief experience in business made his debut (March 5, 1874) at the Howard Athenaeum, in a piece called Law in New York.
