HAKGREAVES. 564 HARIVANSA. continued to cany on business as a yarn manu- faftnrer. uitli moderate success, till his death in April, 177S. HAR'GROVE, Robert Kennon ( 1829— ) . An American ecclesiastic, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Churcli, South. He was born in Ala- bama in 1829, graduated at the State University in 1S52, and was professor of mathematics there from 1852 to 1857. He was emploj-ed in pastoral work and teaching until 1882, when he was chosen bishop. In 1889 he was elected president of the lioard of trustees of Vanderbilt University. HARICOT. See Kidney-Bean. HARI-KARI, ha're ka're. See Haba-Kibi. HARING, ha'ring, Wilhelm. A German nov- elist. See Alexis, Willibald. HARINGTON", Sir John (1561-1612). An English author, born at Kelston, near Bath, in 1561. He was son of .John Harington. author of the graceful Verses on. Isabella Miu-kliam. Queen Elizabeth was his godmother. Educated at Eton and at Christ's College, Cambridge, he studied law at Lincoln's Inn -, but he soon became at- tached to the Court. At the command of Eliza-' beth he translated Ariosto's Orlo'iido Furioso (1591). For this easy and free rendering of an Italian classic Harington is best knowii. In 1596 he lost for a time the favor of the Queen by a series of tracts in the outspoken manner of Rabelais: iletamorphosis of Ajax (i.e. 'a jake.s'), Ulysses vpon Ajax, An Anatoinij of Ajax, and An Apology. He served in Ireland under Essex, and was knighted on the field by the Earl, to the great annoyance of Elizabeth. After long striv- ing for preferment under James I., he became at length one of the tutors of Prince Henry, for whom he wrote some shrewd sketches of the liishops of Elizabeth's reign, entitled A Brief View of the Chiireh of England (first published 1653) . He also composed many popular epigrams (complete ed. 1618) . He died November 20, 1612. ■Consult the memoir by C. Markham, prefixed to Tract on the Succession, Roxburghe Club (Edinburgh. 1880) : yiigw Antiquw, miscellanies in verse and prose, ed. H. Harington (London, 1769; reedited by Park, 1804); and Metamor- phosis, etc., ed. by Singer (Chiswick, 1814). HARIRI, ha-i-v're, Abu Mohammed al-Kasui IBN Ali (c. 1054-1 122). A celebrated Arabic phil- ologian and poet. He was born at Basra, about 1054, and died there, 1122. Little is kniown of his life and circumstances save that he was the son of a silk-merchant (whence his name Hariri, from liarir, silk). Hariri wrote sev- eral valuable grammatical works, of which two have been publislied: Durrat al-gaimeas, edited by Thorbecke (Leipzig, 1871), and Molhat al- irab. edited and translated into French by Pinto (Paris, 1885-89). The most famous of all his writings, and one of the most remarkable com- positions of all times and countries, is his book entitled Mal-ainaf, 'Sittings.' It may be de- scribed as a novel, or a collection of fifty rhymed tales, loosely strung together, the centre of which is always a certain Abu Zaid from Seruj, who, witty, clever, amiable, of pleasing manners, well read in sacred and profane lore, but a thorough rogue, turns np under all possible disguises, and in all possible places — sermonizing, poetizing, telling adventures and tales of all kinds — always amusing and always getting money out of his audience. It is witty, imaginative, dramatic, and displays a great command of language. There have been many translations and imitations, of which by far the best is by Riickert, ^'er^|■a>^d- lungeii des Abu Seid von Scrug (Frankfort, 1826) ; there are English translations by Chaiiel- lon (London, 1767), Preston (ib., 1850), and Clienery (ib., 1867). The te.xt has been edited wdth notes by De Sacy ( Paris, 1882 ; reedited by Reinaud and Derenbourg, ib., 1847-53) ; and by Steingass (London, 1896). Consult Delabre, "Hariri, sa vie et ses eerits," in Revue Orientale, 18.53. HARISCHANDRA, ha'rish-chiin'dra. A Hindu king of the solar dynasty, a descendant of Ikshvaku, and one of the more prominent personages in the legendarj- history of ancient India. _The earliest mention is made of him ill the Aitareya-Brahmana, 7, 13-18 (see Veda), where he is the subject of one of the most interesting legends of the Vedic period. He is represented here as desirous of obtaining a son, and of making a compact with the god ■S'aruna, by which he proposed to sacrifice to the god his son, if he were granted one. Varuna accepted his prayer, and a son, Roliita. is born to the King. The Xitareya-Brulunana then pro- ceeds to relate how Harilchandra delayed, from time to time, the fulfillment of his part of the compact, until at last the son himself finds his own substitute in Sunahsepa, the child of an- other, who sells his son for 100 cows, to be otTered in sacrifice to Varuna. Ultimately, how- ever, ^unahsepa was released from his bond- age through the intervention of the gods. The story is important in connection with early accounts of human sacrifices. According to the epic poem Mahubhfirata, Hari.5chandra was a type of munificence and piety, and after death became elevated to the Court of Indra ; and some of the Puranas are still more explicit on his fate. Hav- ing given his whole country, his wife and son, and finally himself, to Visvamitra, in satisfaction of the demands made by this priest, HarKchandra, in conseqiience of this act, became elevated with his subjects to the paradise of Indra ; but, having been misled by Narada to boast of his merits, was again precipitated. The repentance of his pride, however, arrested his downward descent, and he and his train jiaused in mid-air, where his city is popularly believed to be at times still visible. Consult Wilson's translation of the Vishnu-Purana. The Murkandeya-Purana, bks. vii.-viii., translated by Wortham in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (London, 1881 ) , is the source of an interesting Sanskrit drama which deals with the text or trial of HariSchandra. This play, entitled Cnnda-Kan<ila. is accessible in a cheap and admirable translation, with intro- duction, bv Fritze, published in-the Reclam Series (Leipzig, " 1894). HARIVANSA, hii're-vilN'sha. A Sanskrit epic comjiosition of some 16.000 couplets, and forming a supplemental^ book to the MahSbhara- ta. of which it profes.ses to be a part. In many re- spects, however, it resembles a Purana (q.v. ). As its title, 'Race of Hari, or Vishnu,' implies, it is devoted largely to the life and adventures of Krishna as an incarnation of the god Vishnu. Its first part gives an account of creation, together with the legendary d:-nasties leading down to its main theme, the life of its hero;
