GORDON. in Mauritius, where he attained the rank of major-general. From Jlareh to October, liSS2, he was eonneeted with the Cape Government in an attempt to terminate the Basuto troulile, but resigned in indignation at the intrigues of Jlr. Sauer, Seeretan' for Native Ail'airs. The year 1883 he spent in a long-desired visit to the Holy Land. He had undertaken a mission to the Congo for the King of the Belgian.s when the cata.s- trophe to Hieks Pasha's army, who was over- whelmed by the forces of the Mahdi, made the Gladstone Government insist on the Khedive's abandonment of the Sudan. Gordon was commis- sioned to effect the withdrawal of the scattered garrisons and the evacuation of the country. He arrived at Khartum in 1884 and received a warm welcome : but his first b&ttle with the hostile Sudanese was unsuccessful, owing to the treachery of two pashas, whom he at once sentenced to death. The capture of Berber by the rebels cut Gordon's communications with Cairo, and he was beleaguered in Khartum. By vigorous personal effort he successfully repelled the besieging hordes for over ten months, but on Januars' 26, 1885, when a tardily dispatched Brit- ish army of relief, under General Wolseley, had arrived within two days' march of the place, Khartum fell through the treachery of Ferlg Pasha, and the heroic commander was slain. Gordon's writings include : Rcflcctioits in Palestine (London, 1884) -, Last Journal (London, 1885) : Letters to His Sister (London, 1888). Consult: Andrew A'ilson, Ei^er Tictorions Army (London, 1808) : Hill, Gordon in Central Africa (London, 1881) : Hake, The Htory of Chinese Gordon (Lon- don, 1S84-85) ; and the variou.s Lives hy Archi- bald Forbes (1884) ; bv his brother. Sir Henry Gordon (London, 1886); Sir W. F. Butler (1889) : D. Boulger (1806) ; and the books on the Eftuptiun ^udan. by Ohnvalder (trans. 1892) and Slatin Pasha (trans, 1896). GORDON, Charles William (1800—), A Canadian author. He was born in the county of Glengarin-. Ontario, graduated at Toronto XTni- versity, and studied theology' at Knox College. As a Presliyterian clergyman he went in the capacity of a missionary to the Canadian Xorth- west Territories, and afterwards succeeded in se- curing the help of Presbyterian churches in Great Britain in furtherance of Canadian missions. In 1893 he was appointed pastor of the West End Presbyterian Cliurch at Winnipeg. His religious stories, which show deep feeling and power of vivid descrijition, are published luuler the nom- de-plume of Ralpli Connor." They are: Beyond the ^[nrshes ; Black Rock; Giren's Canyon; The Sky Pilot; Oiild Michael; and The Man from Glenyarry. GORDON, George (1751-93), An English agitator whose name is connected with the 'No Popery" riots in London in 1780. He was the third son of Cosmo George, third Duke of Gordon. He was born in 1751, and at an early age entered the na'y, and rose to the rank of lieutenant, lint quitted the service dur- ing the American War, because Lord Sand- wich refused him a ship. Elected in 1774 member of Parliament for Ludgershall. a jiocket borough, he so<in made himself conspicuous liy his opposition to ministers and by the freedom with which he attacked all jiarties; but. though eccen- tric, he displayed considerable talent in debate 45 GORDON. and no little wit. When, in 1778, a bill passed the Parliament for the relief of Roman Catholics from certain penalties and disabilities, the Prot- estant Association of London, among other so- cieties, was formed for the puii3o.se of procuring its repeal, and in Novemljer, 1779, Gordon was elected president. In .June, 1780, he headed a mob of about 100,000 persons in a proces- sion to the House of Commons to present a petition against the measure. Riots ensued in the city, lasting for .several days, in the e<iirse of which many Catholic chajwls and private dwelling-houses, Newgate and other i)risons, and the mansion of the Chief .lustice. Lord Jlansfield, were destroyed, A vivid description of the riots will be foimd in Dickens's Barnaby Undge. (Gor- don was tried for high treason, but acquitted. Thereafter he seemed insane. The fanatic Prot- estant became a zealous convert to .Judaism. In 1787 he was convicted on twO' official informations — for a pamphlet reflecting on the laws and crim- inal justice of the country, and for publishing a libel on Marie Antoinette, then Queen of France. While in prison at Newgate he died of a fever on November 1, 1793. In addition to the his- tories of England, consult: O'Beirne, Considera- tions on the Late Distiirhanccs, by a Consistent ^yhig (London, 1780) ; Vincent, A Plain and Siie- einct Xarrative of the Riots in the Cities of Lon- don and Westminster and Borough of South nark (3d ed., London, 1780); Watson, Life of Lord George Gordon (Londim, 1795) ; Cobbett, State Trials, xxi. : Annual Register for 1780, 1784, 1787. GORDON, George, fifth Earl of Iluntly. See HUXTLY. GORDON, George Angier (1853—). An American clergyman, born in Aberdeenshire. Scotland. He came to this country when but eighteen years old, and three .vears afterwards entered the Bangor Theological Seminary, where he graduated in 1877. He preached for one year at Temple, Jlaine; took a special course in Har- vard College, and after his graduation in 1881 was for three years pastor of the Congregational Church of Greenwich, Conii., and in 1884 became pastor of the Old South Church in Boston. In 1893 he received the degree of doctor of divinity from Bowdoin and from Yale, and in 1895 from Harvard. His publications include: The Witness to Immortality (1893); The Christ of To-Day (1895) ; and Immortality and the A'eio Theodicy (1897). GORDON, George Hamilto;^, fourth Earl of Aberdeen. See Aberdeen. GORDON, George Henry (1823-86). An American soldier. He was bom in Charlestown, Mass.. graduated at West Point in 1846, ami sei-ved in the sontherii campaign in the ilexican War. earning the brevet of first lieutenant. In 1854 he resigned from the service, and from 185 4 to 1861, after taking a course in the Harvard Law School, practiced law in Boston. On the outbreak of the Civil War in 1801 he organized and became colonel of the Second Massachusetts Volunteers. Largely in recognition of his skill and bravery in covering the retreat of General Banks's army from Strasburg to Winchester, Va., on ^lay 24-25, 1862, he was promoted to be a brigadier-general of volunteers in .Tune, 1862. and served as such at Cedar ^Mountain, Chantilly, South Mountain, and Antietain. From March
