HAYES. 664 HAYGOOD. political campaign of ISGO. His achievements in the war made his' name popuhir in Ohio, anil vhcn the Republicans of the Second District felt the need of a strong candidate for Congress, he consented to accept the nomination, with the understanding that he would not take the seat unless the war should meantime be ended. When, after the close of the war, he entered Congress, he at once attracted attention by his abil- ity. He was reelected in 1866, but had only served through his first term when the Repub- licans of Ohio, in 1867, nominated him as their candidate for Governor, under the conviction that he was the only man whom they could hope to elect. He was chosen by a majority of 3000, and reelected in 1809 by a majority of 7518. He was elected for the third time in 1875, and while occupying the place was nominated by the Repub- lican Party as its candidate for President of the United States, ^^■illiam A. Wlieeler being nomi- nated for Vice-President. The nominees of the Democratic Party were Samuel J. Tilden and Tliomas A. Hendricks. The contest was severe and close, and disputes arose as to th& electoral votes of several States. After a period of great tension all the contested cases were decided in favor of Hayes by the Electoral Commission (q.v.). and having a majority of one electoral vote (185 to 184). he was duly inaugurated on March 4, 1877. Aside from violent partisan dis- putes upon the questions adjiidicated by the Elec- toral Commission, his administration was admit- ted by men of all parties to have been pure and honorable. An effort was made to reduce the evil of using appointments to office as rewards for partisan services, but this policy did not meet with hearty support. The President also failed to maintain close harmony with the party leaders in his attitude toward the 'reconstructed' States, from which he aimed to withdraw the Federal troops, even against the vigorous de- mands of the radicals for a continuation of the military supervision. He was generally recog- nized as a pacificator at a time when conciliation was essential to peace. Upon all political ques- tions save those above referred to he was in full harmony with the Republican Party, and by his courageous and unflinching exercise of the veto nower prevented the adoption of measures calculated to injure the credit of the country and hinder a return to specie payments. He also, by the interposition of the same power, prevented the repeal of the laws enacted by Con- gress, under the express authority of the Con- stitution, to guard the purity of national elec- tions. After his retirement from public office President Hayes devoted himself as a private citizen to the support of philanthropy and edu- cation. As a member of the Peabody Education Board for the promotion of education in the South, as the first president of the States Board for the instruction of freedmen, and as president of the National Prison Association, he set an trample of assiduity in attendance at the meet- ings of the boards and of patient and far-sighted counsel on the questions brousht before him. He died .Tanuary 17. 189.3. Consult: Wilson (editor). The Presidents of the Vnited fitates (New York, 1894) ; and a campaign biography by Howard, Life. Public Services, and Select Speeches of Rutherford B. Bayes^ (Cincinnati, 1876). For an account of the administration of Hayes, see the article United States. HAYESINE (named in honor of the Ameri- can cliemi»t A. A. Hayes). A hydrous calcium borate found in *Peru and elsewhere in South America. It is a source of boric acid and borax (q.v.). Hayesine is now generally believed to be ulexite (q.v.). HAYEZ, I'ats, Fbancesco (1791-1882). An Italian genre and historical painter, bom in Venice. He studied under Maggiotto at tlie ^'enice Academy, and afterwards at the Academy of Milan and under Palagi in Rome. In 1820 he was appointed professor at the Milan Academy, and became head of the romantic movement in Italian art. He is a noted and vigorous colorist. Among his works are frescoes in the Vatican and the Venice Academy, and the following pictures : The Two Foseari" (Vienna Museum) ; "Thirst of the Crusaders," "The Farewells of Pietro Rossi and His Family" (1820) ; "The Flight of Bianca Capello" (1854, National Gallery, Berlin) ; "The Battle of Magenta," and a portrait of Cavour. HAY FEVER, Hay Asthma, Hat Cold, RcsE Cold, or Auti'mxal Catarbh. A nervous affection which recurs annually at about the same time of the year and lasts several weeks, charac- terized by a profuse flow of secretion from the nose, as well as of tears from the eyes, with fre- quent sneezing, general malaise, irritability, in- somnia, increased perspiration, and in many cases asthma. The eyes flinch in bright light, headaclie occurs daily, appetite is lessened, and occasionally there is fever. In some patients the attack appears in June and lasts about a fort- night. This is termed rose cold. Many suffer first in .July, during haying; but probably the greater number begin to suffer early in August, and are relieved only on the approach of frost in October. The cause appears to be threefold: (1) A central nervous disease, with the lesion prob- ably in the floor of the fourth ventricle in the brain, as in spasmodic asthma. (2) Intra-nasal deformity, as a. deviating septum, or di.storted and chafing turbinates. (3) A special pollen of some plants, affecting some and failing to excite others; while during the whole year fine dust causes in these patients sneezing, coryza, and slight rhinitis, lasting an hour or so. Removal to the seashore or a sea voyage benefits a few patients; while a sojourn in the mountains at an altitude of 1000 feet or more benefits a greater number. Of the mountains in the eastern part of the United States the White Mountains have the greatest reputation with regard to the effect of their atmosphere upon h<ay-fever patients. On returning home before frost, however, the affec- tion recurs. It is said that most hay-fever pa- tients are people of considerable intellectual de- velopment ; certainly all are neurotics. Arsenic, iodides, bromides, and acetanilid benefit some. Nasal sprays and internal administration of ex- tract of suprarenal gland (adrenalin) are ser- viceable in many cases, relieving the nasal ste- nosis. In England and on the Continent the dis- ease appears to be of milder type, and to run a course of only a month. A Hay Fever Associ- ation, composed of sufferers from the disease, exists in the United States, which meets every vear to compare results from new remedies. HAY'GOOD, ATTicrs Greene (1839-96). An American clergyman of the Methodist Episcopal Church (South'), born in Watkinsville, Ga. He graduated at Emory College, Georgia, in 1858,
