HERBERT. 803 HERBERT. HERBERT, Hilary Ab.xek (1834—). An Americ'iiu Congiessn.an and Secretary of the Na-T. He was liorn at Laurfiisville. S. C. ; was early taken by his pan-uts to Greenville, Ala. ; was educated at the University of Ala- bama and the University of Virginia, and adopted the profession of the law. In the Civil War he commanded the Eighth Alabama (Confederate) Regiment, and was disabled at the battle of the Wilderness in 18G4. He was a member or Congress from 1877 to 180.3. sen'ing during several terms on the Committee on Naval Afi'airs, and hence was prominently connected with the reconstructions of the nay. From 1803 to 1897, during the second administration of i'resident Cleveland, he was Secretary of the Na^y. and subsequently practiced law in Wash- ington. He edited Why the Solid South? or, Re- constructio)! and Its Results (1890). HERBERT, Ivor .Ioiix Caeadoc (18.51—). An English soldier, born at Llanarth, Monmouth- shire. At nineteen he became a grenadier guardsman, and he was made a captain four years afterwards. He distinguished himself in Egv'pt (1882), on the Nile expedition (1884-85), and was promoted to the rank of colonel in 1880. As major-general, Herbert was at the head of the militia in Canada for five years ( 1890- 95), and afterwards was appointed assistant adjutant-general in England. HERBERT, Jo^I^- Rogers (1800-90). An English painter, born at Maldon, Essex. He was a pupil of the Royal Academy, and exhibited there in 1830: then for some years did illustrat- ing and subject pictures. Of these, "Tlie Ap- pointed Hour" (1834) attracted some attention, and after several successes he went abroad. In 1840 he became a Roman Catholic, and after- wards his subjects were chiefly religious. His best works are the frescoes in the Houses of Parliament : "King Lear Disinheriting Cor- delia ;" and a series of subjects called "Human Justice:" "Sir Thomas More and His Daughter;" and "Saint Gregory Teaching His Chant." He was one of the masters in the School of Design in Somerset House (1841), and a Royal Aca- demician (1840). — His son Cyril Wiseman (1847-82) became a painter of note, despite his premature death. HERBERT, Michael Hexry ( 1857— ) . An English diplomat, the son of Sidney Herbert and Lady Herbert of Lea, known as an authoress, and brother of the Earl of Pembroke. He en- tered the diplomatic service in 1888, was ap- pointed charge d'aflfaires at Washington, and in 1892 was secretary of the British legation there. In 1893 he was made secretary of legation at The Hague, and thereafter held successively simi- lar positions at Constantinople (1894-97). at Rome (1897-98), and at Paris (1898-1902). In the latter year he was appointed Ambassador from Great Britain at Washington as the suc- cessor of Lord Pauncefote. HERBERT, Sidney, first Baron Herbert of Lea (ISlO-fll). An English administrator, sec- ond son of the eleventh Earl of Pembroke. He was born at Richmond. Surrey: was educated at Harrow School and at Oriel College. Oxford, and entered the House of Commons in 1832 as mem- ber for South Wilts, which he represented until his elevation to the peerajje in 1801. He began his political career as a Conservative, and was Vol,. IX.— -.2. Secretary of the Admiralty in Sir Robert Peel's Administration from 1841 to 1845, when he be- came Seiretary for War. As a nuinlier ol (his Administration, it fell to him to oppose Cobden's motion for a select committee to inquire into the efl'eet of the corn laws on farmers, and after- wards to argue in support of the free trade in corn. He wont out of office with his party in 184G. In 1852 he was again Secretary for War, in the Aberdeen Ministry, and the sulTerings of the army before Scbastopol were laid in a great degree :it his door. He was for a few weeks Colonial Secretary in the first Administration of Lord Palnierston in 1855, and Secretary for War in his second Administration in 1859. Great im- provements in the sanitary condition and educa- tion of the army, the amalgamation of the Indian with the royal army, and the organization of the volunteer force, signalized his army administra- tion. He largely reformed the War Ollice, and was devoting him.sclf with equal zeal and intelli- gence to his Ministerial duties, when, owing to failing health, he resigned his seat in the House of Commons, and in 1860 was called to the Upper House, under the title of Baron Herbert of Lea. HERBERT, Sir Thomas (lGOO-82). An Eng- lish traveler and autlior. born at York, and edu- cated at Oxford and possibly at Cambridge. When he was twenty-one he set out to Persia with Sir Dodmore Cotton, Ambassador to the Persian King. With letters of safe conduct from Court, Herbert traveled through Persia, and made important explorations on his way home. Siding with Parliament in the Civil War, he was com- missioned to treat for the surrender of Oxford, and in 1647 was given charge of Charles, whose personality won him to the royal cause. Herbert was the King's constant and sole attendant dur- ing his last days, and accompanied him to his execution. He was created a baronet after the Restoration. Among his publications are nar- ratives of his travels: A Description of the Per- sian Monarchy (1634), and Some Yeares Travels into Dicers Parts of Asia and Afrique (1038: including the former work) : and the Royalist Threnodia Carolina (1078; and. 1702. under the title Memoirs of the Last Two Years of the Reign of that Unparallell'd Prince of Ten/ Blessed Memory, King Charles /.). HERBERT, Victor (18.59—). An Irish- American bandmaster, orchestra conductor, and compo.ser, born at Dublin. Ireland, and a grandson of the famous novelist. Samuel Lover. He was surrounded by musical influences fron earliest childhood, and at seven years of age was studying music in Germany, in which coun- try he received his musical education. Al- though trained in the entire range of music, he perfected himself on the 'cello, and se- cured his first important engagement as the first 'cellist of the Court Orchestra at Stuttgart, which, after an inteiral spent on tour, was fol- lowed in 1886 by a similar position with the Aletropolitan Orchestra of New York. He after- wards played under Thomas, and later Seidl, act- ing under the latter in the double capacity of 'cellist and associate conductor. When the suc- cessor of Gilmorp in the famous New York Twenty-second Regiment Band resigned, and a leader was required to keep up the high reputa- tion of the organization, he wa- chosen conductor.
