HEYNLIN. 49 HEYWOOD. tcenth century, variously called a Lapide and Lapidanus. He studied at Leipzig, at Basel, and at I'aris, where, in 1408, lie was made rector of tlie- university, and in the same year, and in 1470, prior of the Sorbonne. After teaching at IJasel and the new University of Tubingen ( 1478), hfc was preacher in the cathedral of the former city (1484), but retired to a cloister three years afterwards. With Fichet he introduced the art of printing in Pari.-. (1469). Consult Fischer, Jijhuniies Hei/nliii, qtnannt a Lapide (lJa.^el, 1H51). HEYNBICHS, hin'riKs, J. N. The pseudo- nym of tlie German author and reformer Jenny Hirach (q.v. ). HEYSE, hi'ze, JouAKN Chkistiax August (1704-1829). A German grammarian and lexi- cographer, born at Xordhausen, and educated at GiJttingen. He taught at Oldenburg, in his native town, and in llagdeburg. His writings, practical rather than scholarly in nature, are: Allgemeines I-'remduiirterhuch (17th ed. 1892); Deutsche Schithirnmmalik (26th ed., by Lyon, 1900) ; and I.cilfudcn zum Unterricht in der <Jcutschen Sprache (25th ed. 1885). HEYSE, Karl Wilhelm Ludwig (1797- IH.j.'il. A German philologist, son of Johann Cliristian August Heyse, born at Oldenburg. In 1810 he began his studies of philology and linguistics under Bockh and IJopp at Berlin, where he became professor in 1829. His work at first was mainly in Latin and Greek, but after his father's death he took up Germanics as well, and revised many of his father's works, especially the Allfjemeines Fremd- irijrterhuch. His own works arc: Hand- wiirterhiich der deutsrhen Hprache (1833-49), which is both practical and scholarly; Ausfiihr- liehrs Lehrhurh der deutschen Sprache (1838-49), popularizing the results of histinical and com- parative linguistics: and System der Sprachicis- xeiischaft, his most important work, edited by Steinthal (1856). HEYSE, Paul (1830—). A distinguished German author, the son of Karl Wilhelm Ludwig Hcyse. He was born in Berlin, and educated there and at Bonn. A classical training was rii>ened by travel, during which he pursued in Ihe libraries of Switzerland and Italy the phil- olfi<.ncal researches, a taste for which was in- herited. Even earlier, however, he had made his fir-t dramatic essay on a subject which the ri'iuantii' revival had made very popular. Fran- ri'<i-ii (In Kimini (IS.'iO). A little later appeared hi'; epics. Die liriider (Berlin. 1832) and Vrica (Berlin, 1851). which, when they were repuh- 1 lulled in 1854. made him so conspicuous that King ^Maximilian of Bavaria invited hin to make Munich his home. Here he resided for many years with frequent visits to Italy, whose ciilture influenced all his writing deeply. tn Inter life ho spent most of his time in Italy on (lie banks of T.ake Garda. The sum of lleyse's many and varied productions has made him a dominant figure among German men of letters. His prose fiction has been chiefly in the shape of short stories, for which he came to hold a Inch position in German letters. Thesi^ tales are models of their kind, masterpieces in minia- ture, canieo< in which everv line leaves an im- pression. The best collection of them is Dns Buck der Freundschaft (1883); the most fa- mous single example is L'Arrabhiata. He also produced a few longer novels, tinged with radical thought on social and religious questions, espe- cially: Kinder der Welt (1873); Im Paradieae (1875); and Ueber alien (Jipfeln (1895), jiessimistic in tendency, but fresh in style and gracefully light in movement. A large number of lyric and epic poems testify to a ripe culture, a warm imagination, and a suavity of expression which at times sacrifices strength to sweetness. The best-known of the longer poems is the epic Thekla (1858). In his dramas he maintained a high level, although he has not in any of them attained the highest dra- matic rank. Die Sabincrinnen (1859), Ludwig rfer Bayer (1862), and HaiuiLanyei 1866) are note- worthy among his earlier plays; and in the clos- ing years of the century he produced some strik- ing dramas, such as Das verschleierte Bild von Sais, Der Hciltge, and Maria von Magdala, the last of which had a pronounced American suc- cess in 1902. At the same time he studied Ital- ian literature and published a number of trans- lations from the Italian. His Complete Works were first published in 1871, but large additions have since brought the number up to some forty volumes. His reminiscences, J ugcnderinnerungen und Bekenntnisse, appeared in 1900. Consult: Brandes, lloderne Oeister (Frankfort, 1887) ; Kraus, Paul Heyses NovelUn und Rotnane (ib., 1888). HEY'WARD, THOMA.S. Jr. (1746-1809). An American jurist, one of the signers of the Decla- ration of Independence. He was born on the estate of his father, a wealthy planter of Saint Luke's, South Carolina, and was educated in his native parish and in London, where he went to finish his law studies. His observations there and in other parts of Europe sent him home with strong republican ideas. From 1776 to 1798 he represented Xorth Carolina in the Continental Congress, was a judge of the civil and criminal court in his native province from 1780 to 1798; was a captain of artillery in the war, and became a prisoner of the British at the surrender of Charleston. He was a member of the State con- vention for framing a constitution in 1790. and retired into private life the following year. HEY'WOOD. A town in Lancashire. Eng- land, on the Eoach. 9 miles north of Manches- ter (Map: England. D 3). It is an important centre of the cotton manufacture, has extensive coal-mines, iron and brass foundries, boiler- making, railway plant, and chemical works. It possesses handsome churches and other fine build- ings. The nninicipality provides water, gas. markets, baths, fire brigade., technical school, free library, hospital, cemeteries, and owns a spacioiis park and recreation ground. Its in- corponitiim dates from 1881, Population, in 1891, 23,.300; in 1901. 2.5.460. HEYWOOD, .John (c.1407-c.1.577). An Eng- lisli author, sometimes c;illed 'The Old Epigram- matist,' The place of his birth has not been definitely ascertained, but it was probably Lon- <lon or Xorth Jlinims, Hertfordshire. At an early age he came to Court, introduced, according to some traditions, by Sir Thomas More : and the "Book of Payments" of Henry VTII. shows him to have been in the royal sen-ice in 1515. He foiuid srcat favor at the Courts of Edward VI. and Mary, where his quickness at repartee
