JAMES BIVEB. 112 JAMIESON. English settlement in America, was founded in 1U07. JAMES'TOWN. The first permanent Englisli settkiiKiit within the limits of the United Slates, founded in May, 1007, by a small com- pany under Captain Newport, in Virginia, on the banivs of the James River, about 32 miles from its mouth. Here, in 1619, the first legisla- tive assembly in America was held, and here in the same year slavery was first introduced into the original thirteen colonies. In September, 1G7G. the town was almost completely destroyed bj' Nathaniel liacon. (See Bacon's Reiiki.i.iox.) Vp to 1008, when it was su])plnnte<l by Wil- liamsburg, it was the ea])ital of Virginia. The site of the settlement, which was originally a peninsula, but is now an island, is owned by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities. Ruins are left of a church. l)uilt probably between 1676 and 1684, of the fort and of two or three houses. Consult : Tyler. Cradle of the Rrpuhlic: Janicstoirn and Jaiiif.i River (Richmond. 1000). For further <Ictails concerning the history of Jamestown, see VlR- GINI.. JAMESTOWN. The capital and scajiort of Saint Helena (r|.v.). a British Admiralty coal- ing-station (Jlap: Africa, D 6). It consists of a long street, situated in a deep valley on the northwest coast. Its chief building is the ob- servatory. In its vicinity is situated the tomb and first burial-place of Napoleon. Population, about 2.300. JAMESTOWN. A city in Chautauqua Coun- ty, N. Y., 6!) miles south by west of Buffalo, on the outlet of Cliautauqua Lake, and on the .Tames- town and Chautauqua Lake and the Erie rail- roads (ilap: New York. A3). Jamestown is a popular summer resort. It is connected by boat and steam and electric railroads with other re- sorts on the lake, the southeastern end of which is but three miles distant. One of the leading attractions of the city is Celoron. on Chautauqua Lake, a popular place of anuise- ment. The James Prendergast Free Library has over 16.000 volumes. Jamestown is the cen- tre of a productive farming district, and has large manufacturing interests, including several worsted -mills, furniture and lounge factories, sawmills, and manufactures of metallic goods, voting-machines, and photogiaphic paper. The city government is administered, inider the char- ter of 1886 as revised in 1900, by a mayor, elected every two years, a unicameral coimcil, and subordinate officials, of whom the clerk, police justice, assessors, overseer of poor, con- stables, sealer of weights and measures, and iustices of the peace are elected. The other offi- cials arc appointed by the executive subject to the consent of the council. .Tamestown was set- tled in 1810. laid out in ISLi. incorporated as a villase in 1827. and chartered as a city in 1886. Population, in 1880. 93r)7 : in 1890, iO.OSS; in 1900, 22.892. JAMESTOWN. A city and the county-seat of Stutsman County. N. D.. 100 miles ea.st of Bismarck, on the .Tames River, and on the North- em Pacific Railroad CMap: North Dakota. G 3). It has the State Hospital for the Insane, and a fine court-house. The city is the centre of farm- ing and stock-raising interests, and there are grain-elevators, flour-mills, and other industrial establishments. Population, in 1890, 2290; in 1900, 2853. JAMESTOWN WEED. A weed of the sola- iium family. Sec Stk.mu.mi;m. JAMI, jii'me, NUK-IDDIN 'Abd-urraiiman, (1414-92). A Persian ])oet, renowned for his romantic, lyric, and mystic writings, and often spoken of as the last of the transcendental Suti poets. -Jami was born at the small town of .lom, near Herat, in Kliorassan ; on this account he is known as .Tanii, allhough be also i)lays upon his name in it?; significant sense as denoting that he was a mystic wine-cup (I'ers. jam, 'cup') of the divine love of God. His education seems to have been excellent, and his guiding principle in life was the iiliilosopliy of Suliism (q.v.). with all its mysticism. His ])oetic activitv must liave begun early, if we may ,judge from the number of works that are liis, besides others which are at- tributeil to bini. Foremost among his works is a collection of seven ])oems entith'd llaft Aurang, 'Seven Stars of the Great Bear,' or 'Seven Tlirones.' One of the poems in this series is the tender love story of Laila ica Majin'iii : another, the Halamatt lea AbsOl, is allegiu'ical and moral in its treatment and is known in Fngli^h through Edward Fitztierald's version; a third, Yusiif va Zulaikhi. in the same collection, is the romantic tale of the passion which .Jo.seph's beauty in- spired in Potiphar's wife. Janii is likewise the author of a well-known prose work, Balinristati, or 'Garden of Spring.' composed about 1487 to give instruction to a son born to him in his old age. He composed also three Diicuiis, or collec- tions of lyrical poems and odes, written between the years 1479 and 1491. • His death occurred at Herat. November 9. 1492. As a poet .Janii's talent is unquestioned; his verse is so polished and his art so finished as to contain almost elements of weakness owing to its refinement and perfection. His works are held in high esteem among the Persians, and some of the manuscripts of his poems are splendid speci- mens of Oriental calligraphy and illumination. His life and personality, moreover, seem to have been such as to win the favor of princes as well as to endear himself to the people because of his reputation for spiritual exaltation. Con- sult: Ouseley. Biographical yoiices of Persian Poets (London, 1840) ; FitzGerald, Halamun and Ahsiil, translated (Boston. 1887). which con- tains a sketch of Jami's life after Rosenweig; Robinson. Persian Poets (Glasgow. 1883) ; Cos- tello. Pose Garden of Persia (Boston. 1901); The liaharislan JJteralli/ Translated (Benares, 1887), and the comiirehcnsive references in Ethe, "Neupersische Literatur." in Geiger and Kuhn, Gnnidriss dtr iranischen Philologie, vol. ii. (Strassl.nrg. 1890). JAMIESON, jfi'mf-son, John (1759-18.38). A .Scottish clergyman. He was born in Gla.sgow. studied for the ministry at the university there, and in 1781 was ordained pastor of a congrega- tion at Forfar, in connection with the Anti- burgher secession bod.v. In 1797 he was called to Edinburgh, and in 1820 helped to bring about the union of the burghers and the Antiburghers. Ten years later he retired from the active laliors of the ministrv. His fame rests chiefly upon his Eti/ntologieal Dietionarti of the ficottislt Lan- guage (1808), a work which shows great learn- ing and industry. In 1818 he published an
