KORNEK. 596 KORTING. ^irepared the first collected edition of Scliillor's works (1812-15), and I'octischcr yachliiss Tlico- dor Kurners (1815). His collected works are edited bv Stern (Leipzig, 1881). Consult Jonas, Kurner, biograyhische T^ achrichten itbcr ihn und sein Ilaus (Berlin, 1882). KORNER, K.VRL Tueodor (171)1-1813). A Geriiiaii poet, son of the precedinfr. horn in Dres- den, September 23, 1791. He studied at Frei- burg, Leipzig, and Berlin. In 1810 he published Knospen ("Buds"), a volume of immature poems that were received with favor. He was ap- pointed Court dramatist at Vienna in 1813, but lie ^'ave up this career to enlist in the War of Liberation in Liitzow's 'Free Corps.' There ho served as lieutenant and adjutant, and there lie wrote his war-songs, Leier iind Hchwcrt, in which his genius and German patriotism find a high expression. The songs were set to music by Karl ilaria von ^'eber, and had much effect in main- taining a German warlike spirit. One of the most stirring of them, "Das Schwerlied," was composed but a few hours before his death in battle at Liitzow, August 26, 1813. Of KOrner's dozen or more comedies and librettos. Die Braut (1812) and Dcr grihie Domino (1812) were very successful. Zriny, an historical drama, is the" most ambitious of his works. The best edi- tions of Kiirner are by Streckfuss (1834), Wolf (1858), Kofahl (1895), Wildenow (1900), and Gensischen (1902). His Poetischcr Xachlass were edited by his father, and published at Leip- zig in 1815. Other biographical and critical studies are by Bauer (Stuttgart, 1883), Kregen- berg (Dresden. 1892), Rogge (Wittenberg, 1891), .laden (Dresden. 189(!), Peschel and Wildenow (Leiiizig, 1S9S). Zipi5er(in Reclam. 1900). There is a biography by Peschel (Dresden, 1901). KOROLENKO, ko'r6-len'ko, Vladimir Ga- I.AKTIO.VOVITCII (1853 — ). A Russian writer of fiction, born at Zhitomir, Government of Volhy- nia. in 1853. He lost his father in 18G8, but managed to finish his studies, thanks to a pen- sion. On graduating from the real-school he spent a year in the Technological Institute of Saint Petersburg; but need compelled him to leave in 1872 for Moscow, where he entered the Forestry Institute. After two years he was e.pelled with many others for present- ing a petition to the director, was sent to Vologda, but returned and settled w'ith his family at Kronstadt. He made his literary debut in 1879, but was soon after exiled for six years to Siberia. On his return in 1885 he at- tracted general attention with his Makar's Dream, depicting the psychic world of a half-savage, though Christian, Yakut. Memoirs of a .S'ibcriart Tourist f(d!owed shortly, and a few months later cnnie In Iind Soeieh/. The Forest Whispers still furtiier increased his fame, but it was The Blind Musician (18SG) that put him in the front rank of the younger Russian writers. It is the story of the life of a boy blind from birth, who becomes a musician under the tender care of his mother and uncle, a Garibaldian. and later marries the companion of his childhood. The whole is a psychological study of absorbing interest. The long novel Prokhor and the Students was inter- rupted by the censor at the beginning of its publication in Russian Thought (1887, Nos. 1 and 2). In 1893 he paid a visit to the United States during the Cliicago Fair. In 1895 he became one of the proprietor-editors of the monthly Kusskuye Bogatstio. His language is the best used since the days of Turgenieff (q.v.), of whom Korolenko made a careful study. His selected works, in two volumes, have run into many editions, and most of them have been trans- lated into English, French, and German. KOROS, ke'rfoh, Xagy, and Kis. Two towns of Hungary. Xagy, or Great Kuros, is a market town, 50 miles by rail southeast of Budapest (Map: Hungary, F 3). It has steam-mills, and is in an agricultural, wine-growing, and stock- raising region. It is noted for its melons. There are a higher g;-mnasium with a good lilirary. a teacliers' seniinavy. and important local archives. Population, in 1900, 20,512. mostly of the Mag- yar Reformed faith. Ki.s, or Little KiiRiis, lies in a farming district, about 38 miles southwest of Nagy Kijriis. Population. 8500. It is the birthplace of Petiifi. the Hungarian poet. KOROTCHA, ko'ro cha. The capital of a dis- trict of the same name in the Government of Kursk, Russia, 80 miles southeast of the town of Kursk. The chief occupation of the inhab- itants is fruit-growing, and the town is sur- rounded with extensive gardens. There is some trade in grain, animals, and salt. Population, in 1897, 14,405. KORSCHELT, kor'shelt, Eur.EX (1858—). A German zoologist, born at Zittau. He studied in Heidelberg, Leipzig, and Freiburg, where he obtained his degree in 1S82. From 1882 to 1884 he was assistant in the Zoologisches Institut in Leipzig; in 1885 he was appointed privat- doccnt at Freiburg, and in 1887 at Berlin. In 1892 he became professor of zoiilogy and com- parative anatomy in Marburg. His writings include: Ueher die Entstehung und Bedeutung der vergleichenden Zellenelemente des Inseetenova- riums (1886) ; Lehrhueh der vergleichenden Ent- wicklungsgeschichte der wirbcllosen Thieve (with K. Heider. 1890-93, trans, into Eng. as Text-book of the Embryology of Invertebrates. 1895-1900) ; I'eber die Entu-icklung von Dreissenii polymovpha Pallas (1891); Bcitriige ^»r Enticiekhingsgc- schichte der Kcphalopoden (1892). KORTING, ker'ting. Gustav (1845—). German philologist, whose special branch is Romance and English. He was born in Dresden, and taught there after four years of study at Leipzig (1863-67). He went to Jliinster in 1870, and in 1892 to Kiel as professor of Ro- mance philologv'. In 1879 he became editor with Koschwitz of the Zeitschrift fiir neufranzosische Hprache und Litteratur, and in the following year of Franzosische Htiidien. His more important works arc: Ueber die Quellen des Roman de Hon (1807) ; Diktys und Dares: Ein Beitrng zur fie- schiehte der Troja-Hage (1874) ; Boccnecios Leben undWerke(SSO) : Die Anfiinge der Uenaissanee- litteratur in Italien (1882); the very valuable Encyklopiidie und Meihodologie der romnnischen Phiiologie (1884-88); Gnindriss der lleschichte der englischen Litteratur (1887); and Formen- lehre der frnnzosisehen Hprache (1893). — Hein- RICH (1859-90), a brother of Gustav, like him was a Romance scholar. He was born in Leip- zig, became [nivat-doccnt in 1885, and in 1889 professor in the University of I^eipzig. He WTote Oeschichte des franzosischen Romans iin sieb- zehnten Jahrhmidert (2d ed. 1891).
