TANAUAN. 20 TANEY. TANAXTAN. A town of Luzon, Philippines, in the Province of Batangas (Map: Luzon, F 10). It is situated on the principal highway from Batangas to ilanila, about 27 miles north of Batangas. The town was founded in 1584, on the shore of Lake Taal, but was destroyed in 1754 by an eruption of the volcano Taal (q.v.), and later rebuilt in its present position not far from the lake. Population, over 21,000. TAN'CEED (c.1050-1112). Prince "of Anti- och, a hero of the First Crusade. The first au- thentic information respecting him is that he joined his cousin Bohemund in the First Crusade in 1096. They landed in Epirus, and took the oath of allegiance to the Greek Emperor, Alexius (q.v.). Tanered's exploits on the way to Syria; his quarrel with Baldwin for the possession of Tarsus; his valor before Antioch, where he took an oath that as long as he had forty knights he would never withdraw from the expedition to Jerusalem ; and the praises of his biographer, Radulph of Caen, have given him a fictitious im- portance. After the conquest of Jerusalem he became Prince of Galilee. A quarrel with Bald- win, after Godfrey's death, caused him to give up his possessions in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. While Bohemund was in captivity he ruled over Antioch. When Bohemund died in 1111, Tan- cred became Prince of Antioch, where he died in 1112. Tancred has been made famous by Tasso in his Gerusalemme Liherata. For the actual facts during the most important period of his life, consult Kugler, Boemund und Tankred (Tubingen, 1862). TANCRED AND GISMXJNDA. A tragedy played before Queen Elizabeth iu 1586, published by Robert Wilmot in 1591. Its title page ex- plains that it was "compiled by the Gentlemen of the Inner Temple, and by them presented be- fore her Majestic." The authors were probably five in number. It was founded on a story by Boccaccio, the substance of which makes the plot of Tale 39 in Painter's Palace of Pleasure (Lon- don, 1566-67). It was' originally written in rliymed quatrains, which Wilmot, however, changed to blank verse on publication. TANCKED OF HAUTEVILLE, ot'vel'. A Norman noble, father of several sons who estab- lished by force of arms the Norman power in Southern Italy and Sicily. The most celebrated of the brothers were Robert Guiscard and Roger I. (qq.v.). TANDOLANO, t.an'd^la'n6. A wild Malay tribe in Palawan Island. See Phiuppine Islands. TAN'DY, James Napper (1740-1S03). An Irish agitator, born in Dublin. During the American Revolution he took an active part in the effort to prevent the use of English goods in Ireland; was an enthusiast in the 'volunteer movement;' on May 27, 1782, commanded the corps of artillery that guarded the approaches to the Irish Parliament when that body met to receive the answer of the Ministry to the de- mand for legislative independence; and was one of the foremost in the volunteer convention of November, 1783. Ten years afterwards when he was about to be tried for writing a seditious pamphlet called "Common Sense," he fled to the LTnited States. In 1798 he went to Paris and was put in command of a vessel for an invasion of Ireland. He remained on Irish soil, however, but eight hours, and then went to Bergen, and from there by land to Hamburg. At the latter place he was seized and was delivered to the English, and upon his arrival in Ireland was condemned to death. Bonaparte, how^ever, brought such pressure to bear in his favor that the prisoner was released. He soon after went to France and was nuide a general of division. He was the hero of the famous ballad, "The Wearing of the Green." Consult: Lecky, His- tory of England m the Eighteenth Century (London, 1878-90). TANEBA,ta-na'ra,KARL( 1849-1904). A Ger- man military N'riter and uoxelist, born at Lands- hut, Bavaria. He entered the Bavarian army in 1866, took part in the campaign of 1870-71, and was severely wounded during the siege of Paris. Having frequented the Kriegsakademie in Berlin, in 1877-80, he was detailed to the department of military history in the great general staff, in 1882, but retired as captain in 1887 to devote himself e.xclusivcly to his literary work. To the collective work Der Kricg von 1870-71, dar- gestellt von Alitk-dmpfem (1888-91) he contrib- uted vols, i., iii., v., and vii. ; and next published Deutschlnnds Kriege von Fehriellin bis Kiinig- grdtz (1891-94). His novels, military sketches, essays and reminiscences of his extensive travels in the East and North Africa include: Diirch ein Jahrhundcrt, Drei Kriegsgeschichtliche Romane (1892); Schicere K-iimpfe (1897); Aus zwei Lagern, Kriegsroman (1899); Die Enrasierin (1900) ; Ernste und heitere Erinneriingen eines Ordonnanzoffiziers (1887, 8th ed., 1902); Of- fizierslcben in Krieg inid Friedcn (1889) ; Bci- tcres und Ernstes aus Altbayern (1895); Aus drei Weltteilen, Reiseskizzen (1898); Deutsch- lands Kiimpfe in Ostasien (1901); and Eine Wcltrcise (1902). TANEY, ta'ni, Roger Brooke (1777-1864). An eminent American jurist. Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was born in Cal- vert County, Md. ; graduated at Dickinson Col- lege, Pa.; studied law at Annapolis; and in 1799 was admitted to the bar. In 1823 he removed to Baltimore, where he succeeded William Pinkncy and Luther Martin as head of the Maryland bar. In 1827 he was elected Attorney-General of the State, and, having become a Democrat arid a sup- porter of Andrew Jackson, was appointed At- torney-General of the LTnited States in 1831. In this capacity he became one of .Jackson's most trusted counselors, encouraged him to remove the United States Bank deposits, and upon the refusal of William J. Duane, then Secretary of the Treasury, to obey Jackson's orders to this effect, was appointed in Duane's stead, though his appointment was never confirmed bv the Sen- ate. Taney promptly removed the deposits and thus further won the confidence of his chief. In 1836 he succeeded John Marshall as Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. In this capacity he sustained in the main the high repu- tation of his distinguished predecessor for legal learning and acumen, though as a result of the passions engendered by the approaching civil strife some of his opinions were severely criti- cised. He wrote the opinion of the court in many important cases, the most notable being that of Dred Scott. (See Dred Scott Case.) During the Civil War Chief Justice Taney gave opinion
