TBAVANCORE. 431 TRAVERSE CITY. great a hold, tlio Christians numbering, in 1901, 1)97,387. Trivandrum (q.v.) is the capital. TRAVELER, The. A poem by Oliver Gold- smith (17(i4), containing many familiar lines and descriptions of various countries. TRAVELERS, L.w as to. See Highway; Ticket; Cakrier, Common. TRAVELER'S JOY. See Clematis. TRAVELER'S TREE, or Raven ALA (Tforc- niila Mudagascailcnsis) . A reniarlcable plant of tile natural order Musaceae, a native of Jlada- gascar, where it forms a characteristic feature of the scenery. The stem resembles that of the plantain, but sends out leaves only on two op- posite sides, like a huge expanded fan. The lower leaves drop oflf as the stem grows, and in old trees they are sometimes 30 feet from the ground. A tree often has 20 or 24 leaves, the stalk of each leaf being or 8 feet long, and the blade 4 or 6 feet more. The blade of the leaf is oblong, bright green and shining. The fruit is not suc- culent, but is filled with a brilliant blue or purple fine silky fibre, among which are about 30 or 40 seeds. Forty or fifty fruits grow in a bunch, and three or four bunches may be seen at once on the tree. The leaves are much used for thatch, and for many other purposes, and the leafstalks for the partitions, and often even for the walls of houses. The bases of the leafstalks usually hold water, even in the driest weather, more than a quart being readily obtained bj' piercing the thick part of the base. This water, which may be used for drinking in ease of need, has suggested the name. TRAVELING SIDEWALK. An arrange- ment for the transportation of passengers, consist- ing essentially of a series of parallel closely abut- ting platforms traveling on wheels or rollers at different speeds. A sidewalk of this character was installed at the Columbian Exposition at Chicago to convey passengers from one part of the grounds to another, and similar structures have been employed elsewhere. The principle of op- eration of the traveling sidewalk may be readily SECTION OF TRAVELING SIDEWALK. understood by an explanation of the accompany- ing diagram. In this diagram a, 6, c, d. e, and f are the parallel platforms. The platform a is stationary, Iiut the others all travel by means of flexible rails riding on the rims of the wheels g, h, t, /, and k. These wheels rotate on a com- mon shaft at the same number of rotations per minute, but, being of diflferent characters, they carry the superimposed platforms at different speeds ; thus platform 6 has, say, a speed of 3 miles per hour, c a speed of 6 miles, d a speed of 9 miles, e a speed of 12 miles, and f a speed of 15 miles. The platforms travel continuously, and a foot passenger desiring to use them steps from the stationary platform a onto the moving platform h and then onto c. d. r, and f in suc- cession ; the return to the stationary platform is made in a similar manner, but, of course, in the reverse direction. By liaving the difference between the speeds of any two adjacent plat- forms no greater tlian the speed of a brisk walk the transition from one speed of travel to the next higher or lower is accomplished without difficult.y, and the pedestrian can board and leave the moving platforms at any point he may choose. A traveling stairway is a similar ar- rangement placed on an incline, hut supplied with but one moving platform. They have been used for ascending to elevated railway platforms and in large shops. TRAVEMtfNDE, tril've-mun-dp. A town of Germany, the outport of Liibeck. lying nine miles northeast of that city at the mouth of the Trave (Jlap: Germany, D 2). It is a well-known watering place. The old walls of the town were torn down in 1882. Population, in 1900, 1849. TRAV'ERS, John (c.l707-5S). An English musician and composer, born in London. He was a chorister in Saint George's Chapel, Windsor, and served in a like capacity at Eton College as occa- sion demanded. Owing to the good offices of Dr. Giodolphin, the provost of Eton, he was later en- abled to continue his studies in music under Dr. Green, the organist of Saint Paul's. His first ap- pointment was as organist of Saint Paul's and conjointly with that of Fulham Parish Church (c.1725). In 1737 he became organist of the Chapel Royal, which appointment he held until his death. His service in F and sich anthems of his as "Keep, We Beseech Thee," and "Ascribe L^nto the Lord" are still included in the reper- toire of English church music. His canzonets, 18 in number, the words of which were from the posthumous writings of JIatthew Prior, bear evi<lence of a grace of melody which even to-day commands admiration, old-fashioned as they are in general construction. He was also the author of the celebrated Whole Book of Psalms, for one, tiro, three, four, and five voices, with, a thorough hass for the harpsichord. TRAVERSE. In common-law pleading, a denial of facts alleged in a pleading. See Plead- ing. TRAVERSE (OF., Fr. travers, from Lat. trarersus, transversus, l3ing across, transverse, p. p. of transivertere, to turn across, from trans, across, through + iiertere, to turn). A term in fortification, describing a cover or mask, con- structed of earth in the same manner as the parapet of a redoubt. It is constructed in the interior of a redoubt, and is designed to protect the defenders from enfilade fire. In gunnery (q.v.) it describes the moving or pointing of a gun on its pivot, when taking aim, the gear by which the operation is accomplished being known as the traversing gear. The platforms by which heavy naval or fortress guns and carriages are moved into position, or by which their direction is changed, are called traversing platforms. See Fortification. TRAVERSE CITY. The connty-seat of Grand Traverse County, Mich., GO miles north- east of Manistee; at the mouth of the Boardman River, on Grand Traverse Bay, an inlet of Lake Michigan; and on the Pere Marquette, the Grand Rapids and Indiana, and the Manistee and North- eastern railroads (Jlap: Michigan, H 4). It possesses an attractive situation and good fishing
