WARBLER. 287 WAR COLLEGE. a uniform i)ale l)roun, with a tinge of chestnut; thi' cliin anil tliront white; the under |)urts pale liuir color. Its nest is rcniarkalile; it is attached to the stems of three or four reeds, and formed by windinj; the branches of their panicles together with a little wool; and is conical and deep, so that the eggs or young may not be shaken out when the reeds arc shaken by the wind. The wood warbler or wood wi-en {I'hj/IJoxcnpus sibilatrix} is common in the wofxled districts of England in summer, particularly in old planta- tions of oak and beech. .It is olive green, tinged with 3-ellow, the wings browii, the primaries and secondaries edged with briglit yellow, the tcrtials with a broader edge of yellowish white; the lower parts yellow and wliite. The willow war- bler or Svren' {I'lniUoscopiin trnchilus) is very common in the south of England in the sununcr. It frei|uents woods and Imshes and builds its nest on the ground. It is of dull (dive-green, the wing and tail feathers dark brown, the under parts whitish. The only American representative of this family is an Asiatic species ( I'JiylUisropiis borealis), which regularly visits Alaska in svnn- mer, and is known to American ornithologists as Kennicott's willow warbler. See Plate of Wrens, Warblers, etc. Consult Newton, Dictioiiini/ of Hinis (London, 1893-90), and o*:her authorities cited under Bird for the Sylii<Uie: for the ilniotiltidie, con- sult American ornithologies, especially Ridgway, Birds of 'Korth ((ml MidiUe America, part ii. (Washington. 1902), and t'oues. Birds of the Voloniilo' Viillfii (Washington, 1878). WAR'BURTON, B.rtiioi.omew Elliott George (1810-52). An Irish miscellaneous writer, generally known as Eliot Warburton, born near TuUamore, King's County. He was educated at Queen's College and Trinity College, Cambridge, was admitted to the Irish bar at King's Inns in 1837, and in 1843 traveled through Syria, Palestine, and Egj'pt. In 18.51 he was sent by the Atlantic and Pacific .Junction Com- pany as its representative to make terms with the Indians of the Isthmus of Darien. He met his death in the burning of the steamer Amazon off Land's End. He edited the Memoirs of Horace Walpolc and His Coiilrmporarics (2 vols., 1851), and published: The Crescent and the Cross (2 vols., 1844), descriptive of Eastern travel; Zee: An Episode of the Greek War (1847) ; Memoirs of Prince Unpert and the Cavaliers (1849); Reginald Hastings (1850), and Darien, or the Merchant Prince (3 vols., 1852). Consult the F<. tniiihthi Rrvien-, vol. xvii. (London, 1872). WARBURTON, Peter Egertox (1813-89). An English traveler in Australia, horn near Norwich and educated at Orleans and Paris. He traveled through the northwestern part of Aus- tralia on camel-back and several times was near to starvation in the desert. He wrote Major Warhurton's Diarg (186G), and Journey Across the We.'drrn Interior of Australia (1875). WARBURTON, Sir Robert (1842-99). An English sdhlicr. born in a fort between Tagdallak and tiandamak. Afghanistan. He was educated at the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich. He took part in the Abyssinian war of 1807-08, when he entered the Bengal start' corps and served in the Afghan war. He filled the position of politi- cal officer of the Khyber Pass from 1879 to 1882 with great ability. He was especially success- ful in winning the friendship of the Khyber Afiidis. In 1897-98 he served with the Tirah cNpeclilion. He wrote Eighteen Years in the Khi/hrr I 1900). WARBURTON, ii.li.m (1098-1779). An English ])relate and author. He w'as born at Newark and was educated at the school of his na- tive town, and afterwards at Oakham in Rutland- shire, which he left in the year 1714, returning home to pursue the profession of liis father, who had died .some years before. He practiced as an ntlorney at Newark for some years, but his natural bent was toward literature, and he l]:ul all along expressed a desire to take orders in the Church of England. He di<l so in 1"23, and in 1728 became rector of IJrant-Broughton, in the diocese of Lincoln, where he remained for many years. He issued, in 1730, a treati.se entitled The Alliance Between Church and Slate, or the ifecessity and Equity of an Established Religion and a Test Law. In .lanuary. 1737-38, it was fol- lowed by the first V(dume of the celebrated work, The Dirinc Legation of Moses, Demonstrated on the Principles of a Religious Deist, from the Omission of the Doctrine of a Future State of Reicards and Punishments in the Jewish Dispen- sation. In 1739 a new and revised edition of the first part of the work apjieared. This was followed in 1741 by the pul>lication of the second part. The third and concluding sec- tion was published posthumously. Becoming in- volved in the controversy which followed the appearance of Pope's Essay on Man, Warburton undertook the defense of the poet, and, in 1739- 40, issued a series of seven letters, entitled A Vindication of Mr. Pope's Essay on Man, by the Anihor of the Divine Legation. A warm fricnd- shi]) was the result, wdiich only terminated with the death of Pope in 1744. Warhurton's services to literature and religion did not for a long time bring him any sub- stantial preferment. In 1757 he was promoted to the deanery of Bristol ; and finally, in 1700, Pitt bestowed on him the Bishopric of Gloucester. In the later years of his life his mind became imiiaired ; and he was utterly prostrated bj" the loss of his only son, whom he did not long sur- vive. He died at Gloucester. Warburton was a keen polemic and deeply en- gaged in all the intellectual warfare of his time. In nearly everything he wrote there is the im- press of a vigorous and fertile mind, with an ayro- gance of tone, which tends, in his treatment of adversaries, to degenerate into truculence and scurrility. His scholarship was never deep or accurate, though he bad wide reading and im- doubted intellectual vigor. A complete edition of his works, in 7 volumes, was published in 17S8 by his friend. Bishop Hurd. who prefaced it with a biography (new edition. 12 vols.. ISll). Consult his biography by Watson (London. 1803): also an essay in Jlarli Pattison, Essays (Oxford, 1889) . WAR COLLEGE, United St.'ITES Army. An organization having for its object the direction and coordination of the instruction in the vari- ous .service schools, the extension of the oppor- tunities for investigation and study in the army and militia of the I'nited States, and the collec- tion and dissemination of military information. The college, which is located at Washington, is un-
